Key Takeaways
- Ib yam tsis tshua muaj teeb meem hu ua iav iav tuaj yeem pab AI uas paub txog cov khoom uas tib neeg ua.
- Kev siv cov iav tig rau cov ntawv luam tawm kuj tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis dua tshiab.
- Lwm yam ntawm lub hlwb-inspired chips kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov AI paub txog cov duab.
Kev luam ntawv ncaj qha rau ntawm lub cev tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev txawj ntse ntse dua (AI).
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Los Alamos National Laboratory tab tom siv cov ntaub ntawv tsis tshua muaj lub npe hu ua spin iav los hloov circuits. Cov khoom txawv txawv ntawm cov iav iav ua rau ib daim ntawv ntawm AI uas tuaj yeem paub txog cov khoom los ntawm cov duab ib nrab raws li lub hlwb ua.
"Spin tsom iav yog cov tshuab nrog 'poob toj roob hauv pes' ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem, " Cris Moore, tus kws tshawb fawb hauv computer thiab tus kws kho mob ntawm lub koom haum Santa Fe, uas tsis koom nrog hauv Los Alamos kev tshawb fawb, hais rau Lifewire hauv email. xam phaj. "Lawv pab peb txheeb xyuas vim li cas algorithms qee zaum tau daig hauv cov kev daws teeb meem zoo hauv zos tab sis tsis yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws."
Printable Circuits
Kev siv cov iav tig rau cov ntawv luam tawm tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob qis dua tshiab. Lub iav spin-iav tso cai rau cov kws tshawb fawb los tshawb xyuas cov khoom siv siv lej. Nrog rau txoj hauv kev no, cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem tweak qhov kev sib cuam tshuam hauv cov tshuab siv electron-beam lithography, uas siv lub teeb tsom ntawm cov hluav taws xob los kos cov duab kev cai ntawm ib qho chaw. Lub lithography tuaj yeem tso cai rau luam tawm ntawm hom tshiab ntawm circuitry.
Lub lithography ua rau nws muaj peev xwm sawv cev rau ntau yam teeb meem kev suav hauv kev sib txuas iav, raws li cov ntaub ntawv tsis ntev los no los ntawm pab pawg Los Alamos tau luam tawm hauv phau ntawv xov xwm Nature Physics.
"Peb txoj haujlwm tau ua tiav thawj qhov kev sim ua tiav ntawm lub iav tsom iav uas muaj nanomagnets npaj los rov ua dua ib lub neural network," Michael Saccone, tus kws tshawb fawb tom qab kws kho mob hauv theoretical physics ntawm Los Alamos National Laboratory thiab tus thawj coj ntawm daim ntawv, hais hauv xov xwm tshaj tawm. "Peb daim ntawv tso lub hauv paus uas peb yuav tsum tau siv cov txheej txheem ntawm lub cev."
Moore piv cov iav iav rau silicon dioxide (qhov rais iav), uas zoo nkaus li yog ib qho siv lead ua zoo meej, tab sis thaum nws txias, nws tau daig rau hauv lub xeev amorphous uas zoo li cov kua ntawm qib molecular.
"Ib yam li ntawd, algorithms tuaj yeem daig tom qab 'zog teeb meem' uas sawv ntawm txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb," Moore ntxiv.
Cov tswv yim los ntawm cov iav tsom iav tuaj yeem pab cov kws tshawb fawb tshawb nrhiav cov toj roob hauv pes siab.
"Qhov kev nrhiav no tau tsim kom muaj kev sib koom tes hauv zej zog ntawm kev sib tshuam ntawm physics, lej, thiab computer science," Moore hais."Peb tuaj yeem siv cov tswv yim los ntawm physics los txiav txim qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov kev txwv-xws li lub suab nrov npaum li cas lawv tuaj yeem zam tau thaum tseem tab tom nrhiav cov qauv hauv cov ntaub ntawv-thiab tsim cov algorithms uas ua tiav txhua txoj kev mus txog qhov kev txwv theoretical."
AI Nco Txog Tib Neeg
Pab pawg tshawb fawb tau tshawb xyuas cov iav tsom iav ua ib txoj hauv kev los saib seb qhov twg hu ua Hopfield neural networks. Cov tes hauj lwm no ua qauv tib neeg kev nco txog, uas yog lub peev xwm kawm thiab nco txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom tsis sib xws.
Cov qauv theoretical piav qhia cov iav tsom iav yog dav siv hauv lwm cov txheej txheem nyuaj, xws li piav qhia lub hlwb ua haujlwm.
Nrog kev sib koom ua ke, yog tias tsuas yog ib qho kev nco tau tshwm sim, piv txwv li los ntawm kev tau txais ib feem ntawm lub ntsej muag raws li kev tawm tswv yim- ces lub network tuaj yeem rov qab tag nrho lub ntsej muag. Tsis zoo li cov algorithms ib txwm muaj, kev sib koom ua ke nco tsis tas yuav muaj qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws los txheeb xyuas lub cim xeeb.
Kev tshawb fawb los ntawm Saccone thiab pab pawg tau lees paub tias lub iav iav yuav pab tau los piav txog cov khoom ntawm lub kaw lus thiab nws ua cov ntaub ntawv li cas. AI algorithms tsim nyob rau hauv spin iav yuav "messier" dua li ib txwm algorithms, Saccone tau hais, tab sis kuj hloov tau ntau dua rau qee qhov kev siv AI.
"Cov qauv theoretical piav qhia cov iav tsom iav yog dav siv hauv lwm cov txheej txheem nyuaj, xws li piav qhia lub hlwb ua haujlwm, cov lej yuam kev, lossis cov khoom lag luam dynamics," Saccone hais. "Qhov kev txaus siab thoob plaws hauv cov iav tsom iav no muab kev txhawb zog los tsim kom muaj lub iav tsom iav."
Lwm yam ntawm lub hlwb-inspired chips kuj tuaj yeem txhim kho li cas AI paub txog cov duab. Ib daim ntawv tsis ntev los no qhia tau hais tias lub khoos phis tawj chips tuaj yeem hloov kho lawv tus kheej kom nkag mus rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv tshiab zoo li lub hlwb ua, pab AI kom kawm tau raws sijhawm.
"Lub hlwb ntawm cov tsiaj muaj sia tuaj yeem kawm txuas ntxiv mus thoob plaws lawv lub neej," Shriram Ramanathan, tus xibfwb hauv Purdue University's School of Materials Engineering thiab ib tus kws sau ntawv tau hais hauv xov xwm tshaj tawm."Tam sim no peb tau tsim lub platform tsim rau cov tshuab kom kawm thoob plaws hauv lawv lub neej."
