Key Takeaways
- Kev hloov pauv loj zuj zus hauv cov ntim ntim ntim cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke kom muaj zog dua.
- Apple's tshiab M1 Ultra chips txuas ob M1 Max chips nrog 10,000 xov hlau uas nqa 2.5 terabytes ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ib ob.
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Apple thov cov nti tshiab kuj ua tau zoo dua li nws cov neeg sib tw.
Yuav ua li cas lub khoos phis tawj nti sib txuas nrog lwm cov khoom tuaj yeem ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
Apple's tshiab M1 Ultra chips siv kev nce qib hauv hom chipmaking hu ua "packaging." Lub tuam txhab UltraFusion, lub npe ntawm nws cov tshuab ntim khoom, txuas ob lub M1 Max chips nrog 10,000 xov hlau uas tuaj yeem nqa 2.5 terabytes ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ib ob. Cov txheej txheem yog ib feem ntawm kev loj hlob kiv puag ncig hauv ntim ntim.
"Kev ntim khoom siab heev yog qhov tseem ceeb thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm microelectronics," Janos Veres, tus thawj coj ntawm engineering ntawm NextFlex, lub koom haum uas ua haujlwm los txhawb kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hloov tau yooj yim, hais rau Lifewire hauv kev xam phaj email. "Nws feem ntau yog hais txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm cov khoom sib txawv xws li analog, digital, lossis txawm tias optoelectronic "chiplets" nyob rau hauv ib pob nyuaj."
A Chip Sandwich
Apple tau tsim nws cov M1 Ultra nti tshiab los ntawm kev sib txuas ob M1 Max chips siv UltraFusion, nws txoj kev ntim khoom tsim.
Feem ntau, cov tuam txhab chip txhawb kev ua tau zoo los ntawm kev sib txuas ob lub chips los ntawm lub motherboard, uas feem ntau ua rau muaj kev lag luam tseem ceeb, suav nrog nce latency, txo qis bandwidth, thiab siv zog ntau ntxiv. Apple tau coj txoj hauv kev sib txawv nrog UltraFusion uas siv silicon interposer uas txuas cov chips hla ntau tshaj 10,000 cov cim, muab qhov nce 2.5TB/s ntawm qis latency, inter-processor bandwidth.
Cov txheej txheem no ua rau M1 Ultra coj tus cwj pwm thiab raug lees paub los ntawm software ua ib nti, yog li cov neeg tsim khoom tsis tas yuav rov sau cov lej kom tau txais txiaj ntsig ntawm nws qhov kev ua tau zoo.
"Los ntawm kev sib txuas ob M1 Max tuag nrog peb cov khoom ntim UltraFusion, peb tuaj yeem ntsuas Apple silicon rau qhov siab tshiab uas tsis tau pom dua, " Johny Srouji, Apple tus lwm thawj coj ntawm Hardware Technologies, tau hais hauv xov xwm tshaj tawm. "Nrog nws cov CPU muaj zog, GPU loj, zoo kawg Neural Cav, ProRes kho vajtse acceleration, thiab loj npaum li cas ntawm unified nco, M1 Ultra ua tiav M1 tsev neeg raws li lub ntiaj teb no haib tshaj plaws thiab muaj peev xwm nti rau tus kheej lub computer."
Ua tsaug rau qhov tsim ntim tshiab, M1 Ultra nta 20-core CPU nrog 16 cov tub ntxhais ua haujlwm siab thiab plaub qhov kev ua haujlwm siab. Apple lees tias lub nti muab 90 feem pua siab dua ntau txoj xov zoo dua li qhov ceev tshaj plaws muaj 16-core PC desktop nti hauv tib lub hnab ntawv lub zog.
Lub nti tshiab kuj ua tau zoo dua li nws cov neeg sib tw, thov Apple. M1 Ultra ncav cuag lub PC nti qhov kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws uas siv 100 watts tsawg dua, lub ntsiab lus tsawg zog tau noj, thiab cov kiv cua khiav ntsiag to, txawm tias xav tau apps.
Power in Numbers
Apple tsis yog tib lub tuam txhab tshawb nrhiav txoj hauv kev tshiab rau pob chips. AMD tau tshaj tawm ntawm Computex 2021 lub tshuab ntim khoom uas ntim cov chips me me rau saum ib leeg, hu ua 3D ntim. Thawj cov chips siv thev naus laus zis yuav yog Ryzen 7 5800X3D gaming PC chips xav tau tom qab xyoo no. AMD txoj hauv kev, hu ua 3D V-Cache, sib cog lus siab ceev nco chips rau hauv lub processor complex rau 15% kev ua tau zoo.
Kev tsim kho tshiab hauv cov ntim ntim tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoom siv tshiab uas zoo nkauj thiab hloov tau yooj yim dua li cov tam sim no muaj. Ib cheeb tsam pom kev nce qib yog luam tawm Circuit Boards (PCBs), Veres tau hais. Qhov kev sib tshuam ntawm kev ntim khoom siab heev thiab siab heev PCB tuaj yeem ua rau "System Level Packaging" PCBs nrog cov khoom sib xyaw, tshem tawm cov khoom sib cais xws li resistors thiab capacitors.
Cov txheej txheem tshiab chip fabrication yuav ua rau "cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tiaj tus, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob origami, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tuaj yeem raug crushed thiab crumbled," Veres hais. "Lub hom phiaj kawg yuav yog kom tshem tawm qhov sib txawv ntawm pob, Circuit Court board, thiab system tag nrho."
Cov txheej txheem ntim ntim tshiab nti ua ke sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv semiconductor nrog cov khoom seem, Tobias Gotschke, Senior Project Manager Tshiab Venture ntawm SCHOTT, uas ua rau cov khoom siv hauv Circuit Court, tau hais hauv email sib tham nrog Lifewire. Txoj hauv kev no tuaj yeem txo qhov loj me, nce kev ua haujlwm, tswj cov thermal loads loj, thiab txo tus nqi.
SCHOTT muag cov ntaub ntawv uas tso cai rau kev tsim cov iav Circuit Court boards. "Qhov no yuav ua rau cov pob khoom muaj zog dua nrog cov txiaj ntsig loj dua thiab kev tsim khoom nruj dua thiab yuav ua rau me me, eco-friendly chips nrog txo qis kev siv hluav taws xob," Gotschke hais.
