SHA-1 (luv rau Secure Hash Algorithm 1) yog ib qho ntawm ntau qhov kev ua haujlwm cryptographic hash.
Nws feem ntau yog siv los txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tsis raug hloov pauv. Qhov no yog ua los ntawm kev tsim ib daim tshev ua ntej cov ntaub ntawv tau raug xa mus, thiab tom qab ntawd dua ib zaug nws mus txog qhov chaw.
Cov ntaub ntawv kis tau tuaj yeem suav tias yog qhov tseeb tsuas yog tias ob daim tshev nyiaj zoo ib yam.
Keeb Kwm thiab Vulnerabilities ntawm SHA Hash Function
SHA-1 tsuas yog ib qho ntawm plaub algorithms hauv Secure Hash Algorithm (SHA) tsev neeg. Feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm US National Security Agency (NSA) thiab luam tawm los ntawm National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
SHA-0 muaj 160-ntsis lus digest (hash tus nqi) loj thiab yog thawj version ntawm no algorithm. Nws cov txiaj ntsig hash yog 40 tus lej ntev. Nws tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv lub npe "SHA" nyob rau hauv 1993 tab sis tsis tau siv nyob rau hauv ntau daim ntawv thov vim hais tias nws tau sai hloov nrog SHA-1 nyob rau hauv 1995 vim muaj kev ruaj ntseg tsis zoo.
SHA-1 yog qhov thib ob iteration ntawm no cryptographic hash muaj nuj nqi. Qhov no kuj muaj cov lus digest ntawm 160 khoom thiab nrhiav kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg los ntawm kev kho qhov tsis muaj zog hauv SHA-0. Txawm li cas los xij, xyoo 2005, SHA-1 kuj tau pom tias tsis muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Thaum pom muaj qhov tsis muaj zog cryptographic hauv SHA-1, NIST tau tshaj tawm hauv xyoo 2006 txhawb tsoomfwv cov koomhaum kom txais kev siv SHA-2 los ntawm xyoo 2010. SHA-2 muaj zog dua SHA-1, thiab kev tawm tsam tau ua. tawm tsam SHA-2 tsis zoo li yuav tshwm sim nrog lub zog suav tam sim no.
Tsis yog tsoomfwv cov koomhaum nkaus xwb, tabsis txawm tias cov tuam txhab xws li Google, Mozilla, thiab Microsoft tau pib npaj kom tsis lees txais SHA-1 SSL daim ntawv pov thawj lossis twb tau thaiv cov nplooj ntawv no los ntawm kev thauj khoom.
Google muaj pov thawj ntawm SHA-1 kev sib tsoo uas ua rau cov qauv no tsis muaj kev ntseeg siab rau kev tsim cov ntawv txheeb xyuas tshwj xeeb, txawm tias nws hais txog tus password, cov ntaub ntawv, lossis lwm yam ntaub ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem rub tawm ob daim ntawv PDF tshwj xeeb los ntawm SHAttered kom pom tias qhov no ua haujlwm li cas. Siv lub laij lej SHA-1 hauv qab ntawm nplooj ntawv no los tsim cov ntawv txheeb xyuas rau ob qho tib si, thiab koj yuav pom tias tus nqi yog tib yam txawm tias lawv muaj cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv.
SHA-2 and SHA-3
SHA-2 tau luam tawm xyoo 2001, ob peb xyoos tom qab SHA-1. Nws suav nrog rau 6 hash ua haujlwm nrog ntau qhov sib txawv: SHA-224, SHA-256, SHA-384, SHA-512, SHA-512/224, thiab SHA-512/256.
Tsim los ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv tsis yog NSA thiab tso tawm los ntawm NIST hauv 2015, yog lwm tus tswv cuab ntawm Secure Hash Algorithm tsev neeg, hu ua SHA-3 (yav tas los Keccak).
SHA-3 tsis yog txhais tau tias yuav hloov SHA-2 zoo li cov qauv dhau los tau txhais los hloov cov yav dhau los. Hloov chaw, nws tau tsim los ua lwm txoj hauv kev rau SHA-0, SHA-1, thiab MD5.
SHA-1 siv li cas?
Ib qho piv txwv tiag tiag uas SHA-1 yuav siv tau yog thaum koj nkag mus rau koj tus password rau hauv lub vev xaib nkag mus. Txawm hais tias nws tshwm sim hauv keeb kwm yav dhau yam tsis muaj koj qhov kev paub, nws yuav yog txoj hauv kev uas lub vev xaib siv los xyuas kom meej tias koj tus password yog qhov tseeb.
Hauv qhov piv txwv no, xav txog tias koj tab tom sim nkag rau hauv lub vev xaib uas koj nquag mus ntsib. Txhua zaus koj thov nkag mus, koj yuav tsum sau koj tus username thiab password.
Yog tias lub vev xaib siv SHA-1 cryptographic hash muaj nuj nqi, nws txhais tau tias koj tus password tau hloov mus rau hauv checksum tom qab koj nkag rau hauv. Qhov checksum yog ces muab piv nrog cov checksum uas tau khaws cia hauv lub vev xaib uas cuam tshuam nrog koj tam sim no. tus password, txawm tias koj tsis tau hloov koj tus password txij li koj tau sau npe lossis yog tias koj nyuam qhuav hloov nws lub sijhawm dhau los. Yog tias ob qhov sib tw, koj tau tso cai nkag; yog tias lawv tsis ua, koj tau hais tias tus password tsis raug.
Ib qho piv txwv uas qhov hash muaj nuj nqi no yuav siv tau rau kev txheeb xyuas cov ntaub ntawv. Qee lub vev xaib yuav muab SHA-1 checksum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv ntawm nplooj ntawv rub tawm kom thaum koj rub tawm cov ntaub ntawv, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas daim tshev rau koj tus kheej kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntaub ntawv rub tawm yog tib yam li qhov koj xav rub tawm.
Koj yuav xav tias qhov twg siv tiag tiag nyob rau hauv hom ntawv pov thawj no. Xav txog qhov xwm txheej uas koj paub SHA-1 checksum ntawm cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm tus tsim tawm lub vev xaib, tab sis koj xav rub tawm tib version los ntawm lwm lub vev xaib. Tom qab ntawd koj tuaj yeem tsim SHA-1 checksum rau koj download thiab muab piv nrog cov checksum tiag los ntawm tus tsim tawm nplooj ntawv download.
Yog tias ob qhov sib txawv, nws tsis tsuas yog txhais tau hais tias cov ntaub ntawv cov ntsiab lus tsis zoo ib yam, tab sis tuaj yeem muaj cov malware zais hauv cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam thiab ua rau koj cov ntaub ntawv computer puas tsuaj, cov ntaub ntawv tsis yog. txhua yam ntsig txog cov ntaub ntawv tiag, thiab lwm yam.
Txawm li cas los xij, nws tseem tuaj yeem txhais tau tias ib cov ntaub ntawv sawv cev rau qhov qub version ntawm qhov kev pab cuam dua li lwm qhov, txij li txawm tias qhov kev hloov me ntsis yuav tsim kom muaj tus nqi checksum.
Koj kuj tseem xav kuaj xyuas tias ob cov ntaub ntawv zoo ib yam yog tias koj tab tom txhim kho pob khoom lossis qee qhov kev pabcuam lossis hloov kho vim muaj teeb meem tshwm sim yog tias qee cov ntaub ntawv ploj lawm thaum lub sijhawm teeb tsa.
SHA-1 Checksum Calculators
Ib yam tshwj xeeb ntawm lub laij lej siv tau los txiav txim xyuas cov ntawv txheeb xyuas ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lossis pawg cim.
Piv txwv li, SHA1 Online thiab SHA1 Hash Generator yog cov cuab yeej online pub dawb uas tuaj yeem tsim SHA-1 checksum ntawm txhua pawg ntawv, cim, thiab / lossis tus lej.
Cov vev xaib yuav, piv txwv li, tsim cov khub no:
pAssw0rd!
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