Qhov ntsuas watts-ib-channel (WPC) ib txwm sawv tawm hauv kev tshaj tawm thiab cov lus piav qhia ntawm cov khoom lag luam rau amplifiers, stereos, thiab cov neeg txais kev ua yeeb yam hauv tsev. Muaj kev nkag siab tias ntau watts zoo dua, nrog ntau watts sib npaug ntau qhov ntim. Tab sis qhov ntawd tsis yog qhov tseeb.
Kev ntsuas lub zog tuaj yeem dag ntxias
Thaum nws los txog rau lub zog lub zog tiag tiag, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog cov neeg txais lub suab nrov, koj tsis tuaj yeem nqa cov chaw tsim khoom lub zog amplifier cov lus ntsuas ntawm lub ntsej muag tus nqi. Koj yuav tsum saib ze dua ntawm qhov lawv ua raws li lawv cov lus hais.
Piv txwv li, rau cov neeg ua yeeb yaj kiab hauv tsev nrog 5.1 lossis 7.1 channel teeb tsa, puas yog cov lus hais tawm wattage tau txiav txim siab thaum lub amplifier tsav tsheb ib lossis ob txoj hauv ib lub sijhawm? Los yog qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb tau txiav txim siab thaum tag nrho cov channel tau tsav ib txhij?
Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov ntsuas tau ua los ntawm 1 kHz kuaj lub suab lossis nrog 20 Hz txog 20 kHz xeem tones?
Zeroing in on Stated Power Ratings
Thaum koj pom lub tshuab hluav taws xob wattage ntsuas ntawm 100 watts-ib-channel ntawm 1 kHz (uas suav tias yog tus qauv nruab nrab-ntu siv siv) nrog ib tus channel uas tau tsav, lub ntiaj teb wattage tso tawm thaum tag nrho tsib lossis xya channel ua haujlwm nyob rau tib lub sijhawm thoob plaws txhua qhov ntau zaus qis dua, tej zaum ntau li 30 txog 40 feem pua qis dua.
Nws yog qhov zoo dua los ua qhov ntsuas nrog ob txoj kev tsav, thiab, tsis yog siv lub suab nrov 1 kHz, siv 20 Hz txog 20 kHz tones. Cov no sawv cev rau qhov dav dav tshaj plaws uas tib neeg tuaj yeem hnov. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov ntawd tsis suav nrog lub amplifier lub zog tso zis muaj peev xwm thaum txhua txoj kev tau tsav.
Nyob hauv tsev ua yeeb yam, tsis yog txhua lub channel yuav tsum muaj lub zog tib lub sijhawm. Kev hloov pauv hauv cov ntsiab lus suab cuam tshuam qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau txhua qhov channel ntawm txhua lub sijhawm.
Piv txwv li, cov yeeb yaj kiab suab paj nruag muaj cov ntu uas tsuas yog cov kab hauv ntej yuav tsum tau tso tawm lub zog tseem ceeb, thaum cov kab nyob ib puag ncig yuav tso tawm tsawg zog rau lub suab nrov. Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov channel ib puag ncig yuav xav tau ntau lub zog rau kev tawg lossis kev sib tsoo, tab sis cov kab hauv ntej yuav raug txiav txim siab tib lub sijhawm.
Raws li cov xwm txheej no, lub zog tshwj xeeb ntsuas cov lus hais hauv cov ntsiab lus yog qhov ua tau zoo dua rau cov xwm txheej hauv ntiaj teb. Ib qho piv txwv yuav yog 80 watts-ib-channel (WPC), ntsuas los ntawm 20 Hz txog 20 kHz, ob-channel tsav, 8 ohms,.09 feem pua THD.
Dab tsi tag nrho cov lus txhais tau hais tias yog lub suab nrov, lub tso suab, lossis lub tsev ua yeeb yaj kiab tuaj yeem tso tawm 80 WPC siv cov suab nrov thoob plaws tag nrho cov tib neeg hnov lus thaum ob txoj haujlwm ua haujlwm nrog tus qauv 8-ohm. Qhov no ntau tshaj qhov txaus rau qhov nruab nrab qhov loj nyob hauv chav tsev.
Kuj suav nrog hauv qhov piv txwv no yog qhov cim qhia tias qhov tshwm sim cuam tshuam (hu ua THD lossis Total Harmonic Distortion) tsuas yog.09 feem pua. Qhov no sawv cev rau lub suab tso suab huv heev.
kab hauv qab
Lwm yam uas yuav tsum tau xav txog yog seb lub receiver lossis amplifier tuaj yeem tso nws lub zog tag nrho tsis tu ncua. Tsuas yog vim hais tias lub receiver lossis amplifier tau teev tseg tias muaj peev xwm tso tawm 100 WPC tsis tau txhais hais tias nws tuaj yeem ua tau rau lub sijhawm ntev. Thaum kuaj xyuas amplifier specifications, saib seb WPC cov zis yog ntsuas nyob rau hauv RMS los yog FTC cov nqe lus thiab tsis nyob rau hauv Peak los yog Maximum Power.
Decibels
Suab theem ntsuas hauv Decibels (dB). Peb lub pob ntseg pom qhov sib txawv ntawm qib ntim hauv qhov tsis yog-linear zam. Pob ntseg ua tsis tshua muaj suab nrov thaum nws nce. Decibels yog logarithmic nplai ntawm cov txheeb ze nrov. Qhov sib txawv ntawm kwv yees li 1 dB yog qhov tsawg kawg nkaus pom qhov hloov pauv hauv ntim, 3 dB yog qhov hloov pauv nruab nrab ntawm lub ntim, thiab txog 10 dB yog qhov kwv yees pom tau ob npaug ntawm ntim.
Ntawm no yog li cas qhov no cuam tshuam rau lub ntiaj teb tiag:
- 0 dB: Qhov pib ntawm tib neeg hnov
- 15 txog 25 dB: Whisper
- 35 dB: Cov suab nrov tom qab
- 40 txog 60 dB: Ib txwm hauv tsev lossis chaw ua haujlwm tom qab
- 65 txog 70 dB: Lub suab hais lus ib txwm
- 105 dB: Orchestral climax
- 120 dB+: Nyob rock music
- 130 dB: Pain threshold
- 140 txog 180 dB: dav hlau dav hlau
Rau ib lub tshuab hluav taws xob los tsim lub suab uas nrov dua li ob zaug hauv decibels, koj xav tau 10 npaug ntawm cov zis ntau dua. Lub amplifier ntsuas ntawm 100 WPC muaj peev xwm ntawm ob npaug ntawm qib ntim ntawm 10 WPC amp. Lub amplifier ntsuas ntawm 100 WPC yuav tsum yog 1,000 WPC kom nrov dua ob zaug. Qhov no ua raws li qhov ntsuas logarithmic tau hais los saum toj no.
Distortion
Qhov zoo ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam hauv cov zis hluav taws xob thiab lub suab nrov npaum li cas. Ib qho amplifier uas nthuav tawm suab nrov lossis distortion ntawm cov suab nrov tuaj yeem mloog tsis tau. Koj tau zoo dua los siv lub suab nrov ntawm 50 WPC nrog qib qis qis dua li lub suab nrov muaj zog dua nrog cov qib siab sib txawv.
Distortion specifications yog qhia los ntawm lub sij hawm THD (Tag nrho Harmonic Distortion).
Txawm li cas los xij, thaum sib piv cov kev sib txawv ntawm cov suab nrov lossis cov neeg txais kev ua yeeb yam hauv tsev, txhua yam tuaj yeem ua rau huab. Ntawm nws daim ntawv spec, amplifier lossis receiver A tej zaum yuav muaj ib qho kev sib txawv ntawm.01 feem pua ntawm 100 watts ntawm cov zis, thaum amplifier los yog receiver B tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug teev distortion ntsuam xyuas ntawm 1 feem pua ntawm 150 watts ntawm cov zis.
Koj tuaj yeem xav tias amplifier lossis receiver A yuav yog tus txais tau zoo dua, tab sis koj yuav tsum xav txog tias qhov kev sib txawv ntawm ob lub receiver tsis tau teev rau tib lub zog tso tawm. Tej zaum nws yuav yog tias ob tus neeg txais tau zoo ib yam (lossis sib piv) qhov kev sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv thaum ob qho tib si khiav ntawm 100 watts tso zis, lossis thaum A raug tsav mus rau qhov tso zis ntawm 150 watts, nws yuav muaj qhov sib txawv (lossis phem dua) qhov ntsuas qhov sib txawv li B.
Ntawm qhov tod tes, yog tias lub tshuab hluav taws xob muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm 1 feem pua ntawm 100 watts thiab lwm qhov muaj qhov txawv txav tsuas yog.01 feem pua ntawm 100 watts, lub amplifier lossis receiver nrog.01 feem pua distortion ntsuam xyuas yog chav tsev zoo dua hais txog qhov specification.
Raws li qhov piv txwv zaum kawg, lub amplifier lossis receiver nrog qhov ntsuas qhov sib txawv ntawm 10 feem pua ntawm 100 watts yuav mloog tsis tau ntawm qhov tso zis hluav taws xob. Nws yuav ua tau ntau mloog nrog tsawg distortion ntawm qis zog tso zis theem, tab sis yog hais tias koj khiav mus rau hauv lub amplifier los yog receiver uas teev ib tug 10 feem pua distortion theem (los yog ib tug distortion theem siab tshaj 1 feem pua) rau nws cov zis lub hwj chim, tau txais ib co lus qhia. los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom ua ntej yuav.
kab hauv qab
Lwm yam uas cuam tshuam rau amplifier zoo yog Signal-to-Noise Ratio (S/N). Qhov no yog qhov piv ntawm lub suab rau lub suab nrov tom qab. Qhov loj dua qhov sib piv, qhov xav tau ntau lub suab (suab paj nruag, suab, cov teebmeem) raug cais tawm ntawm cov teebmeem acoustical thiab suab nrov tom qab. Nyob rau hauv amplifier specifications, S / N ratios yog qhia nyob rau hauv decibels. Ib qho S / N piv ntawm 70 dB yog qhov xav tau ntau tshaj qhov S / N piv ntawm 50 dB.
Dynamic Headroom
Kawg (rau lub hom phiaj ntawm qhov kev sib tham no) yog lub peev xwm ntawm lub receiver lossis amplifier kom tso zis hluav taws xob nyob rau theem siab dua rau lub sijhawm luv kom haum rau cov suab paj nruag siab lossis cov suab nrov hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab. Qhov no yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev ua yeeb yam hauv tsev, qhov twg qhov kev hloov pauv loj hauv ntim thiab nrov nrov tshwm sim thaum ua yeeb yaj kiab. Qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb no tau nthuav tawm raws li Dynamic Headroom.
Dynamic Headroom yog ntsuas hauv decibels. Yog tias lub receiver lossis amplifier tuaj yeem ua ob npaug rau nws lub zog tso tawm rau lub sijhawm luv kom haum raws li cov xwm txheej tau piav qhia saum toj no, nws yuav muaj Dynamic Headroom ntawm 3 dB.
Txoj kab hauv qab
Thaum yuav khoom rau lub receiver lossis amplifier, ceev faj txog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Tsis tas li ntawd, coj cov khoom lag luam ntawm lwm yam xws li Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), Cov Teeb Meem-rau-Noise Ratio (S/N), thiab Dynamic Headroom. Ntxiv rau, xyuam xim rau qhov ua tau zoo thiab rhiab heev ntawm cov neeg hais lus koj siv.
Ib lub suab nrov lossis lub txais yuav yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm koj lub suab lossis lub tsev ua yeeb yam hauv tsev. Lwm yam khoom xws li CD players, turntables, thiab Blu-duab tshav Disc players kuj tseem yuav txuas hauv cov saw hlau. Tej zaum koj yuav muaj cov khoom zoo tshaj plaws, tab sis koj qhov kev mloog yuav raug kev txom nyem yog tias koj lub receiver lossis amplifier tsis ua haujlwm.
Txawm hais tias txhua qhov kev qhia tshwj xeeb ua rau muaj peev xwm ua tau zoo tshaj plaws ntawm lub receiver lossis amplifier, ib qho spec, tshem tawm ntawm cov ntsiab lus nrog lwm yam, tsis muab cov duab tseeb ntawm koj lub tsev ua yeeb yam yuav ua li cas.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus cuam tshuam rau koj los ntawm kev tshaj tawm lossis tus neeg muag khoom, tab sis tsis txhob cia cov lej cuam tshuam koj. Ua raws li koj qhov kev txiav txim yuav khoom ntawm qhov koj hnov nrog koj lub pob ntseg thiab hauv koj chav.
