Cov khoom siv feem ntau muaj peev xwm ua si ntau yam ntawm digital media tawm tswv yim tawm ntawm lub thawv, feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsum muaj software lossis firmware hloov tshiab. Yog tias koj tig los ntawm phau ntawv qhia khoom koj yuav xav tsis thoob los ntawm ntau yam sib txawv.
Dab tsi ua rau lawv sib txawv ntawm ib leeg, thiab qhov no puas tseem ceeb rau koj?
Music File Formats Explained
Thaum nws los txog rau digital music, hom ntawv puas tseem ceeb? Lo lus teb: Nws nyob ntawm.
Muaj compressed thiab uncompressed audio files, uas tej zaum yuav muaj ib tug lossy lossless zoo rau nws. Lossless cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem loj heev, tab sis yog tias koj muaj ntau qhov chaw cia (piv txwv li, PC lossis laptop, network cia tsav, media server, thiab lwm yam), thiab koj muaj cov cuab yeej siv suab siab dua, muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev siv uncompressed lossis lossless. audio.
Tab sis yog tias qhov chaw nyob ntawm tus nqi, xws li hauv smartphones, ntsiav tshuaj, thiab cov neeg siv khoom siv tau yooj yim, lossis koj npaj yuav siv lub mloog pob ntseg lossis hais lus, ces cov ntaub ntawv me me yog qhov koj xav tau tiag tiag.
Common Formats
Yog li koj xaiv li cas? Nov yog kev sib faib ntawm hom hom, qee yam ntawm lawv cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, thiab yog vim li cas koj thiaj yuav siv lawv.
- MP3: Tsim los ntawm Moving Pictures Experts Group (MPEG), ib lub koom haum uas tsim cov qauv rau coded audio thiab video programs, MPEG-1 / MPEG-2 Txheej 3 (MP3) yog qhov sib cav ntau tshaj plaws thiab txhawb nqa hom ntaub ntawv. MP3 yog ob qho tib si compressed thiab poob suab hom, nrog cov bitrates xws li 8 kbit / s mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 320 kbit / s, thiab sampling zaus xws li ntawm 16 kHz mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 48 kHz. Cov ntaub ntawv me me ntawm MP3s txhais tau tias hloov cov ntaub ntawv sai dua thiab siv qhov chaw tsawg dua, tab sis ntawm tus nqi ntawm qee qhov txo cov suab zoo thaum piv rau cov ntaub ntawv tsis zoo.
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AAC: Ua nrov los ntawm Apple iTunes, Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) hom zoo ib yam li MP3, tab sis nrog ib qho txiaj ntsig ntxiv ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntau dua. AAC yog ob qho tib si compressed thiab lossy audio formats, nrog bitrates xws li 8 kbit / s mus txog qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 320 kbit / s, thiab piv txwv zaus xws li 8 kHz mus rau qhov siab tshaj plaws - nrog rau txoj cai encoding txheej txheem - ntawm 96 kHz.
- AAC cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem xa cov suab zoo ib yam li MP3 thaum siv qhov chaw tsawg dua. AAC kuj txhawb nqa txog 48 raws, thaum feem ntau MP3 cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem ua ob qho xwb. AAC tau dav siv tau tab sis tsis txwv rau iOS, Android, thiab cov khoom siv tes ua si.
- WMA: Tsim los ntawm Microsoft ua tus neeg sib tw rau MP3, Windows Media Audio cov ntaub ntawv muaj qhov zoo sib xws, txawm tias muaj kev paub dhau los. Tus qauv WMA yog ob qho tib si compressed thiab lossy suab hom, txawm hais tias tshiab dua, sib txawv sub-versions nrog ntau tshaj codecs tuaj yeem muab qhov kev xaiv tsis tau. Thaum ntau hom xov xwm portable thiab kev lom zem hauv tsev txhawb WMA cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm lub neej ntawd, ob peb lub xov tooj ntawm tes zoo li smartphones thiab ntsiav tshuaj ua. Ntau tus xav tau rub tawm lub app sib xws txhawm rau ua si WMA suab, uas tuaj yeem ua rau nws yooj yim dua siv piv rau MP3 lossis AAC.
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FLAC: Tsim los ntawm Xiph. Org Foundation, Dawb Lossless Audio Codec (FLAC) muaj kev thov rov hais dua ntau vim nws tsis muaj ntawv tso cai tsis muaj nuj nqis thiab qhib hom. FLAC yog ob qho tib si compressed thiab lossless suab hom, nrog cov ntaub ntawv zoo tuaj yeem ncav cuag 32-ntsis / 96 kHz (los ntawm kev sib piv, CD yog 16-ntsis / 44.1 kHz). FLAC txaus siab rau qhov zoo ntawm qhov txo cov ntaub ntawv loj (kwv yees li 30 mus rau 40 feem pua me dua li cov ntaub ntawv qub) tsis tas yuav txi lub suab zoo, uas ua rau nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws nruab nrab rau digital archiving (piv txwv li, siv nws ua cov ntawv luam thawj zaug los tsim. compressed/lossy cov ntaub ntawv rau kev mloog).
- ALAC: Apple's version of FLAC, Apple Lossless Audio Codec (ALAC) qhia ntau yam txog lub suab zoo thiab cov ntaub ntawv loj nrog FLAC. ALAC yog ob qho tib si compressed thiab lossless suab hom. Nws kuj tseem txhawb nqa los ntawm iOS pab kiag li lawm thiab iTunes, whereas FLAC tej zaum yuav tsis txaus siab. Xws li, ALAC feem ntau yuav siv los ntawm cov neeg siv cov khoom Apple.
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WAV: Tsis tas li tsim los ntawm Microsoft, Waveform Audio File Format yog tus qauv rau Windows-based systems thiab sib xws nrog ntau yam software applications. WAV yog ob qho tib si uncompressed (tab sis kuj tuaj yeem raug coded li compressed) thiab lossless lub hom ntawv, qhov tseem ceeb yog daim ntawv luam ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Cov ntaub ntawv tus kheej tuaj yeem siv ntau qhov chaw, ua rau cov hom ntawv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev khaws cia thiab kho suab. WAV audio files zoo ib yam li PCM thiab AIFF audio files.
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AIFF: Tsis tas li tsim los ntawm Apple, Audio Interchange File Format (AIFF) yog tus qauv rau khaws cov suab hauv Mac computers. AIFF yog ob qho tib si tsis muaj kev sib txuas (tseem muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv) thiab tsis muaj suab hom. Zoo li Microsoft's WAV cov ntaub ntawv, AIFF cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem siv ntau qhov chaw khaws cia digital, ua kom zoo tshaj plaws rau kev khaws cia thiab kho.
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PCM: Siv los sawv cev digitally sawv cev rau cov teeb liab analog, Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) yog cov qauv suab rau CDs, tab sis kuj rau cov khoos phis tawj thiab lwm cov ntawv siv suab digital. PCM yog ob qho tib si tsis muaj suab nrov thiab tsis muaj suab, feem ntau ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv los tsim lwm hom ntaub ntawv suab.
