Raws li cov khoos phis tawj me me, yog li yuav tsum tau kho cov khoom siv xws li khaws cia. Kev taw qhia ntawm cov khoom siv hauv xeev tau tso cai rau cov qauv tsim zoo li Ultrabooks, tab sis qhov no tau sib tsoo nrog kev lag luam-tus qauv SATA interface.
Lub mSATA interface tau tsim los tsim daim npav nyias nyias uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog SATA interface. Ib qho teeb meem tshiab tshwm sim thaum SATA 3.0 cov qauv txwv kev ua haujlwm ntawm SSDs. Daim ntawv tshiab ntawm daim npav sib txuas yuav tsum tau tsim los kho cov teeb meem no.
Keeb kwm hu ua NGFF (Next Generation Form Factor), lub interface tshiab tau ua qauv rau hauv M.2 tsav interface raws li SATA version 3.2 specifications.
Ceev nrawm
Thaum qhov loj me yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho qhov sib txuas, qhov ceev ntawm tus tsav yog qhov tseem ceeb sib npaug. SATA 3.0 specifications txwv lub ntiaj teb bandwidth ntawm SSD ntawm tus tsav interface mus txog 600 MB / s, uas muaj ntau lub drives tau mus txog. SATA 3.2 cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb tau qhia txog kev sib xyaw tshiab rau M.2 interface, zoo li nws tau ua nrog SATA Express.
Hauv qhov tseeb, daim npav M.2 tshiab tuaj yeem siv SATA 3.0 cov lus qhia uas twb muaj lawm thiab raug txwv rau 600 MB / s. Los yog, nws tuaj yeem siv PCI-Express, uas muab qhov bandwidth ntawm 1 GB / s raws li cov qauv PCI-Express 3.0 tam sim no. Qhov ceev 1 GB / s yog rau ib txoj kab PCI-Express, tab sis nws tuaj yeem siv ntau txoj kab. Raws li M.2 SSD specification, tuaj yeem siv txog plaub txoj kab. Siv ob txoj kab yuav theoretically muab 2.0 GB / s, thaum plaub txoj kab yuav muab tau txog 4.0 GB / s.
Nrog rau qhov kawg tso tawm ntawm PCI-Express 4.0, cov kev nrawm no yuav ua tau zoo dua ob npaug. Kev tso tawm ntawm PCI-Express 5.0 hauv 2017 pom qhov nce hauv bandwidth mus rau 32 GT / s, nrog 63 GB / s hauv 16-kab kab teeb tsa. PCI-Express 6.0 (2019) pom dua ob npaug ntawm bandwidth rau 64 GT / s, tso cai rau 126 GB / s hauv txhua qhov kev taw qhia.
Tsis yog txhua lub tshuab ua tiav cov nrawm no. M.2 tsav thiab interface yuav tsum tau teeb tsa hauv tib hom. Lub M.2 interface siv ob qho qub SATA hom lossis hom PCI-Express tshiab. Tus tsav xaiv qhov twg los siv.
Piv txwv li, ib qho M.2 tsav tsim nrog SATA legacy hom yog txwv rau 600 MB / s. Thaum lub M.2 tsav yog sib xws nrog PCI-Express mus txog plaub txoj kab (x4), lub computer tsuas siv ob txoj kab (x2). Qhov no ua rau qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm 2.0 GB / s. Txhawm rau kom tau txais qhov nrawm tshaj plaws, txheeb xyuas qhov tsav thiab lub khoos phis tawj lossis motherboard txhawb nqa.
Me me thiab loj dua
Ib lub hom phiaj ntawm M.2 tsav tsim yog los txo qhov loj tag nrho ntawm cov cuab yeej cia. Qhov no tau ua tiav hauv ib qho ntawm ntau txoj hauv kev. Ua ntej, daim npav tau ua kom nqaim dua li yav dhau los mSATA daim ntawv foos. M.2 daim npav yog 22 hli dav, piv rau 30 hli ntawm mSATA. Daim npav kuj tseem luv luv ntawm 30 mm ntev, piv rau 50 mm ntawm mSATA. Qhov txawv yog tias M.2 daim npav txhawb nqa ntev ntev txog li 110 hli. Qhov ntawd txhais tau hais tias cov tsav no tuaj yeem loj dua, uas muab ntau qhov chaw rau cov chips thiab, yog li, muaj peev xwm ntau dua.
Ntxiv rau qhov ntev thiab qhov dav ntawm daim npav, muaj kev xaiv rau ob sab lossis ob sab M.2 boards. Ib sab boards muab ib qho profile nyias thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov laptops ultra-thin. Lub rooj tsavxwm ob sab tso cai rau ob npaug ntau li ntau cov chips los nruab rau ntawm lub rooj tsavxwm M.2, tso cai rau muaj peev xwm khaws cia ntau dua. Qhov no yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov ntawv thov duab compact uas qhov chaw tsis tseem ceeb.
Qhov teeb meem yog qhov koj yuav tsum paub txog yam ntawm M.2 connector nyob rau hauv lub computer, ntxiv rau qhov chaw rau qhov ntev ntawm daim npav. Feem ntau lub laptops tsuas yog siv ib qho txuas ib sab xwb, uas txhais tau hais tias lub laptops tsis tuaj yeem siv ob-sided M.2 phaib.
Command Modes
Rau ntau tshaj li kaum xyoo, SATA tau ua qhov chaw cia ua haujlwm ntsaws thiab ua si. Qhov no yog vim qhov yooj yim interface thiab AHCI (Advanced Host Controller Interface) hais kom ua qauv.
AHCI yog li cas cov khoos phis tawj sib txuas lus nrog cov khoom siv cia. Nws tau tsim rau hauv txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm niaj hnub no thiab tsis tas yuav tsum tau tsav tsheb ntxiv rau kev teeb tsa thaum ntxiv cov tsav tshiab.
Lub AHCI tau tsim nyob rau hauv ib lub sijhawm thaum cov hard drives tsis muaj peev xwm ua cov lus qhia vim yog lub cev ntawm lub taub hau thiab platters. Ib qho lus txib ib kab nrog 32 cov lus txib tau txaus. Qhov teeb meem yog tias niaj hnub no lub zog-xeev drives ua ntau dua, tab sis tseem txwv los ntawm AHCI cov neeg tsav tsheb.
Lub NVMe (Non-Volatile Memory Express) cov qauv hais kom ua thiab cov tsav tsheb tau tsim los txhawm rau tshem tawm cov fwj no thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Tsis yog siv ib qho kev hais kom ua kab, nws muab txog 65, 536 cov lus txib, nrog rau 65, 536 cov lus txib hauv ib kab. Qhov no tso cai rau kev ua tiav ntau dua ntawm kev khaws cia nyeem thiab sau cov lus thov, uas txhawb nqa kev ua haujlwm dhau ntawm AHCI cov qauv lus txib.
Thaum qhov no zoo heev, muaj teeb meem me ntsis. AHCI tau tsim rau hauv txhua lub tshuab ua haujlwm niaj hnub, tab sis NVMe tsis yog. Cov tsav tsheb yuav tsum tau nruab rau saum cov kev khiav hauj lwm uas twb muaj lawm kom tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws ntawm cov tsav tsheb. Qhov ntawd yog ib qho teeb meem rau ntau lub operating system qub.
M.2 tsav specification tso cai rau ntawm ob hom. Qhov no ua rau kev txais yuav qhov tshiab interface yooj yim dua nrog cov khoos phis tawj thiab thev naus laus zis uas twb muaj lawm. Raws li kev txhawb nqa rau NVMe cov qauv kev hais kom txhim kho, tib lub drives tuaj yeem siv nrog hom lus txib tshiab no. Txawm li cas los xij, kev hloov ntawm ob hom yuav tsum tau hloov kho cov tsav tsheb.
Txhim kho kev siv hluav taws xob
Lub khoos phis tawj txawb muaj lub sijhawm ua haujlwm tsawg raws li qhov loj ntawm nws cov roj teeb thiab lub zog rub los ntawm nws cov khoom. Solid-state drives txo cov kev siv hluav taws xob ntawm kev khaws cia, tab sis muaj chaw rau kev txhim kho.
Vim tias M.2 SSD interface yog ib feem ntawm SATA 3.2 qhov tshwj xeeb, nws suav nrog lwm cov nta dhau ntawm qhov interface. Qhov no suav nrog qhov tshiab hu ua DevSleep. Raws li ntau lub tshuab tau tsim los mus rau hauv hom pw tsaug zog thaum kaw lossis kaw, tsis yog lub hwj chim poob tag, muaj qhov txuas tas li ntawm lub roj teeb kom qee cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm kom rov qab tau sai thaum lub cuab yeej waking. DevSleep txo tus nqi ntawm lub zog siv los ntawm cov khoom siv los ntawm kev tsim lub xeev qis zog tshiab. Qhov no yuav tsum ncua sij hawm khiav rau cov khoos phis tawj uas muab tso rau hauv hom pw tsaug zog.
Problems Booting
M.2 interface yog kev nce qib hauv computer cia thiab kev ua haujlwm. Cov khoos phis tawj yuav tsum siv lub npav PCI-Express kom tau txais kev ua tau zoo tshaj plaws. Txwv tsis pub, nws khiav zoo ib yam li ib qho uas twb muaj lawm SATA 3.0 tsav. Qhov no tsis zoo li qhov teeb meem loj, tab sis nws yog ib qho teeb meem nrog ntau tus thawj motherboards kom siv lub feature.
SSD drives muab qhov kev paub zoo tshaj plaws thaum siv los ua lub hauv paus lossis khau raj tsav. Qhov teeb meem yog tias Windows software uas twb muaj lawm muaj teeb meem nrog ntau lub drives booting los ntawm PCI-Express tsheb npav es tsis yog los ntawm SATA. Qhov no txhais tau hais tias muaj M.2 tsav siv PCI-Express yuav tsis yog thawj tsav uas lub operating system lossis cov kev pab cuam raug teeb tsa. Qhov tshwm sim yog cov ntaub ntawv ceev ceev tab sis tsis yog khau raj.
Tsis yog txhua lub khoos phis tawj thiab kev khiav haujlwm muaj qhov teeb meem no. Piv txwv li, Apple tau tsim macOS (los yog OS X) siv lub npav PCI-Express rau cov hauv paus partitions. Qhov no yog vim Apple hloov lawv cov SSD tsav rau PCI-Express hauv 2013 MacBook Air-ua ntej M.2 specifications tau ua tiav. Microsoft tau hloov kho Windows 10 los txhawb PCI-Express thiab NVMe tsav tshiab. Cov laus dua ntawm Windows kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua haujlwm yog tias cov khoom siv txhawb nqa thiab cov tsav tsheb sab nraud raug teeb tsa.
Yuav ua li cas siv M.2 Tshem Tawm Lwm Yam
Lwm qhov kev txhawj xeeb, tshwj xeeb nrog cov motherboards desktop, cuam tshuam txog yuav ua li cas M.2 interface txuas nrog rau lwm lub khoos phis tawj. Muaj qee tus lej ntawm PCI-Express txoj kab nruab nrab ntawm lub processor thiab lwm lub computer. Txhawm rau siv PCI-Express-tshaj M.2 daim npav qhov, cov chaw tsim khoom motherboard yuav tsum coj cov PCI-Express txoj kab khiav deb ntawm lwm cov khoom hauv lub cev.
Yuav ua li cas cov PCI-Express txoj kab sib faib ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm cov laug cam yog qhov kev txhawj xeeb loj. Piv txwv li, qee cov tuam txhab lag luam qhia cov kab PCI-Express nrog SATA chaw nres nkoj. Yog li, siv M.2 lub qhov tsav yuav haus dhau ntawm plaub SATA qhov. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, M.2 tuaj yeem faib cov kab no nrog lwm qhov PCI-Express nthuav dav.
Tshawb xyuas seb lub rooj tsavxwm tsim los kom paub tseeb tias M.2 yuav tsis cuam tshuam nrog kev siv lwm yam SATA hard drives, DVD drives, Blu-duab tshav drives, lossis lwm daim npav nthuav dav.
