Txawm hais tias muaj kev nce qib hauv wireless thev naus laus zis, ntau lub khoos phis tawj hauv lub xyoo pua 21st cia siab rau cov cables ua lub cev nruab nrab uas siv los hloov cov ntaub ntawv. Muaj ob peb hom kev sib txuas hauv network, txhua tus tsim los rau lub hom phiaj tshwj xeeb.
Coaxial Cables
Invented nyob rau hauv 1880s, coaxial cable (tseem hu ua coax) yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws lub npe hu ua hom cable uas txuas TV teeb rau hauv tsev kav hlau txais xov. Coaxial cable kuj yog tus qauv rau 10 Mbps Ethernet cables.
Thaum 10 Mbps Ethernet nrov tshaj plaws, thaum xyoo 1980s thiab thaum ntxov 1990s, cov tes hauj lwm feem ntau siv ib qho ntawm ob hom coax cable - thinnet (10BASE2 tus qauv) lossis thicknet (10BASE5). Cov kab hluav taws xob no muaj cov hlau sab hauv tooj liab ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tuab uas nyob ib puag ncig los ntawm kev rwb thaiv tsev thiab lwm qhov thaiv. Lawv qhov tawv nqaij ua rau cov thawj coj hauv lub network nyuaj thaum txhim kho thiab tswj cov thinnet thiab thicknet.
Twisted Pair Cables
Twisted khub tau tshwm sim thaum xyoo 1990 los ua tus qauv cabling rau Ethernet, pib nrog 10 Mbps (10BASE-T, tseem hu ua Qeb 3 lossis Cat3), tom qab ua raws li kev txhim kho versions rau 100 Mbps (100BASE-TX, Cat5, thiab Cat5e) thiab txuas ntxiv nrawm mus txog 10 Gbps (10GBASE-T). Ethernet twisted khub cables muaj txog yim lub xov hlau raug mob ua ke ua ke kom txo tau cov kev cuam tshuam electromagnetic.
Ob hom kev sib tw ua ke ntawm cov qauv kev lag luam tau raug txhais: unshielded twisted khub (UTP) thiab shielded twisted khub (STP). Niaj hnub nimno Ethernet cables siv UTP thaiv vim nws tus nqi qis, thaum STP cabling tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv lwm hom kev tes hauj lwm xws li Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI).
Fiber Optics
Hloov cov hlau thaiv hlau xaim hluav taws xob xaim hluav taws xob, fiber ntau optic network cables siv cov iav iav thiab pulses ntawm lub teeb. Cov cables network no yog khoov tau txawm tias ua los ntawm iav. Lawv tau ua pov thawj tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv thaj chaw dav dav (WAN) kev teeb tsa uas yuav tsum tau nyob deb hauv av lossis sab nraum zoov cable thiab tseem nyob hauv cov tsev ua haujlwm uas muaj kev sib txuas lus ntau heev.
Ob hom qauv ntawm fiber optic cable kev lag luam qauv yog txhais-ib hom (100BaseBX tus qauv) thiab multimode (100BaseSX tus qauv). Kev sib txuas lus nyob deb deb feem ntau siv ib hom rau nws qhov peev xwm bandwidth siab dua, thaum lub network hauv zos feem ntau siv ntau hom vim nws tus nqi qis dua.
USB Cables
Feem ntau Universal Serial Bus (USB) cables txuas lub khoos phis tawj nrog cov khoom siv peripheral (xws li keyboard lossis nas) es tsis yog rau lwm lub computer. Txawm li cas los xij, tshwj xeeb network adapters (qee zaus hu ua dongles) txuas Ethernet cable rau USB chaw nres nkoj ncaj qha. USB cables feature twisted-pair wiring.
Txhua Yam Koj Yuav Tsum Paub Txog USB Ports thiab Cables
kab hauv qab
Vim tias ntau lub PCs hauv 1980s thiab thaum ntxov 1990s tsis muaj Ethernet muaj peev xwm, thiab USB tseem tsis tau tsim, serial thiab parallel interfaces (tam sim no tsis siv computers niaj hnub) tau qee zaum siv rau PC-rau-PC networking. Yog li hu ua null modem cables, piv txwv li, txuas cov chaw nres nkoj ntawm ob lub PCs thiab qhib cov ntaub ntawv hloov chaw ntawm qhov nrawm ntawm 0.115 thiab 0.45 Mbps.
Crossover Cables
Null modem cables yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm qeb ntawm crossover cables. Ib tug crossover cable koom nrog ob lub network ntawm tib hom, xws li ob lub PC lossis ob lub network hloov. Kev siv Ethernet crossover cables yog ib qho ntawm cov laus hauv tsev sib tham xyoo dhau los thaum txuas ob lub PCs ncaj qha ua ke.
Sab nraud, Ethernet crossover cables zoo ib yam rau cov kab hluav taws xob zoo tib yam (qee zaum hu ua ncaj-dhau), qhov pom qhov txawv tsuas yog qhov kev txiav txim ntawm cov xim xim ntawm cov xov hlau uas tshwm sim ntawm lub cable kawg txuas. Cov neeg tsim khoom feem ntau siv cov cim tshwj xeeb rau lawv cov kab hluav taws xob crossover vim li no. Niaj hnub no, txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau hauv tsev sib txuas siv cov routers uas muaj peev xwm ua tau hauv crossover, tshem tawm qhov xav tau rau cov cables tshwj xeeb.
Lwm hom Network Cables
Qee tus kws tshaj lij kev sib txuas lus siv lub sij hawm patch cable los xa mus rau txhua yam ntawm txoj kab ncaj nraim los ntawm lub network siv rau lub hom phiaj ib ntus. Coax, twisted khub thiab fiber optic hom thaj cables muaj. Cov kab hluav taws xob no qhia tib lub cev yam ntxwv zoo li lwm hom kab hluav taws xob network tshwj tsis yog cov kab hluav taws xob ua kom luv luv.
Powerline network systems siv lub tsev tus qauv hluav taws xob xaim rau cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas lus siv cov adapters tshwj xeeb ntsaws rau hauv phab ntsa qhov hluav taws xob.
