Oracle, SQL Server, Microsoft Access, MySQL, DB2 lossis PostgreSQL? Muaj ntau ntau yam ntawm cov khoom lag luam hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no, ua rau kev xaiv lub platform rau koj lub koom haum cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm txaus ntshai.
Define Your Requirements
Database tswj systems (lossis DBMSs) tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg: desktop databases thiab server databases.
Desktop databases yog taw qhia rau ib tus neeg siv daim ntawv thov thiab nyob ntawm tus kheej cov khoos phis tawj (li no lub sijhawm desktop).
Server databases muaj cov txheej txheem los xyuas kom meej qhov kev ntseeg tau thiab sib xws ntawm cov ntaub ntawv thiab tau npaj rau ntau tus neeg siv daim ntawv thov. Cov databases no tau tsim los khiav ntawm cov servers ua haujlwm siab thiab nqa tus nqi siab dua.
Kev ntsuas xav tau ceev faj ua ntej koj cog lus rau kev daws teeb meem yog qhov tseem ceeb. Cov txheej txheem txheeb xyuas qhov xav tau yuav yog tshwj xeeb rau koj lub koom haum tab sis, tsawg kawg, yuav tsum teb cov lus nug hauv qab no:
- Leej twg yuav siv cov ntaub ntawv thiab lawv yuav ua li cas?
- Cov ntaub ntawv yuav hloov pauv ntau npaum li cas? Leej twg yuav ua cov kev hloov kho no?
- Leej twg yuav muab IT kev txhawb nqa rau lub database?
- Cov khoom siv twg muaj? Puas muaj peev nyiaj los yuav khoom siv ntxiv?
- Leej twg yuav lav ris cov ntaub ntawv?
- Yuav nkag tau cov ntaub ntawv hauv Is Taws Nem? Yog tias muaj, yuav tsum txhawb kev nkag mus rau qib twg?
Thaum koj tau sau cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no, koj yuav tau npaj los pib cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ntsuas cov txheej txheem tswj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb. Tej zaum koj yuav pom tias muaj ntau tus neeg siv ntau lub platform (xws li SQL Server lossis Oracle) yog qhov tsim nyog los txhawb koj cov kev xav tau nyuaj. Ntawm qhov tod tes, lub desktop database xws li Microsoft Access tej zaum yuav muaj peev xwm ua tau raws li koj cov kev xav tau (thiab yooj yim dua rau kev kawm, nrog rau cov mos mos ntawm koj phau ntawv hnab tshos.)
Desktop Databases
Desktop databases muab tus nqi pheej yig, kev daws teeb meem yooj yim rau ntau cov ntaub ntawv tsis tshua muaj kev cia thiab tswj cov kev xav tau. Lawv khwv tau lawv lub npe vim lawv tau tsim los khiav ntawm "desktop" (lossis tus kheej) computers. Tej zaum koj tau paub txog qee yam ntawm cov khoom no lawm - Microsoft Access, FileMaker thiab OpenOffice/Libre Office Base (dawb) yog cov players loj. Cia peb tshuaj xyuas qee qhov txiaj ntsig tau txais los ntawm kev siv lub desktop database:
- Desktop databases pheej yig. Feem ntau cov kev daws teeb meem desktop muaj nyob ib ncig ntawm $ 100 (piv rau ntau txhiab daus las rau lawv cov kwv tij server-based). Yog tias koj muaj ib daim qauv ntawm Microsoft Office, tej zaum koj yuav yog tus tswv muaj ntawv tso cai ntawm Microsoft Access.
- Desktop databases yog cov neeg siv-phooj ywg. Kev nkag siab zoo ntawm SQL tsis tas yuav tsum tau siv thaum siv cov tshuab no (txawm tias ntau tus txhawb SQL rau koj geeks tawm muaj). Desktop DBMSs feem ntau muab qhov yooj yim-rau-siv graphical user interface.
- Desktop databases muab cov kev daws teeb meem hauv lub vev xaib. Ntau lub desktop niaj hnub databases muab lub vev xaib ua haujlwm ua rau koj tshaj tawm koj cov ntaub ntawv hauv lub vev xaib statically lossis dynamically.
Server Databases
Server databases, xws li Microsoft SQL Server, Oracle, qhib qhov chaw PostgreSQL, thiab IBM DB2, muab cov koom haum muaj peev xwm tswj hwm cov ntaub ntawv loj hauv txoj hauv kev uas ua rau ntau tus neeg siv nkag mus thiab hloov kho cov ntaub ntawv ib txhij. Yog tias koj muaj peev xwm tswj tau tus nqi siab heev, lub server-raws li database tuaj yeem muab rau koj nrog kev tswj cov ntaub ntawv zoo.
Cov txiaj ntsig tau ua tiav los ntawm kev siv lub server-based system muaj ntau yam. Cia wb mus saib ob peb qhov kev nce qib tseem ceeb tau ua tiav:
- Flexibility. server-raws li databases tuaj yeem daws tau tsuas yog hais txog cov teeb meem tswj cov ntaub ntawv koj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau lawv. Cov neeg tsim khoom nyiam cov tshuab no vim tias lawv muaj cov programmer-phooj ywg daim ntawv thov programmer interfaces (lossis APIs) uas muab rau kev txhim kho sai ntawm database-oriented custom applications. Lub Oracle platform tseem muaj rau ntau lub tshuab ua haujlwm, muab Linux junkies nrog qib kev ua si thaum sib tw tawm tsam Microsoft folks.
- Powerful performance. Server-based databases muaj zog npaum li koj xav kom lawv ua. Cov neeg ua si loj tuaj yeem siv tau zoo tsuas yog hais txog txhua qhov tsim nyog kho vajtse platform uas koj tuaj yeem tsim kho rau lawv. Cov ntaub ntawv niaj hnub no tuaj yeem tswj hwm ntau yam, cov txheej txheem siab ceev, cov servers sib txuas, kev sib txuas siab bandwidth, thiab cov cuab yeej siv tsis raug cai.
- Scalability. Tus cwj pwm no mus sib koom tes nrog yav dhau los. Yog tias koj txaus siab muab cov khoom siv kho vajtse tsim nyog, cov ntaub ntawv neeg rau zaub mov tuaj yeem ua tau zoo ntawm cov neeg siv thiab / lossis cov ntaub ntawv nthuav dav.
NoSQL Database Alternatives
Nrog kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau cov koom haum los tswj cov txheej txheem loj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj - qee qhov tsis muaj cov qauv tsim - "NoSQL" databases tau dhau los ua ntau dua. Lub NoSQL database tsis tau teeb tsa ntawm cov kab ke / kab tsim ntawm cov kev sib raug zoo cov ntaub ntawv tab sis siv cov qauv ntaub ntawv hloov tau yooj yim dua. Cov qauv sib txawv, nyob ntawm qhov chaw khaws ntaub ntawv: qee qhov teeb tsa cov ntaub ntawv los ntawm qhov tseem ceeb / tus nqi khub, duab lossis kab dav.
Yog tias koj lub koom haum xav tau ntau cov ntaub ntawv, xav txog hom ntaub ntawv no, uas feem ntau yooj yim rau kev teeb tsa dua li qee qhov RDBMs thiab tuaj yeem ua tau ntau dua. Cov neeg sib tw sab saum toj suav nrog MongoDB, Cassandra, CouchDB, thiab Redis.
