Cov lus qhia rau kev tes hauj lwm no rhuav tshem cov ncauj lus mus rau hauv cov khoom pov thawj pom. Txhua ntu nta ib lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb lossis lub ntsiab ntawm kev sib txuas lus wireless thiab computer.
Daim duab no qhia txog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws ntawm lub computer network. Hauv ib lub network yooj yim, ob lub khoos phis tawj (lossis lwm yam khoom siv sib txuas tau) ua kev sib txuas ncaj qha nrog txhua tus thiab sib txuas lus hla ib lub xov tooj lossis cable. Cov tes hauj lwm yooj yim zoo li no tau muaj nyob rau ntau xyoo lawm. Ib qho kev siv rau cov tes hauj lwm no yog kev sib koom ua ntaub ntawv.
A Local Area Network (LAN) Nrog lub tshuab luam ntawv
Daim duab no qhia txog ib qho chaw hauv cheeb tsam network (LAN) ib puag ncig. Cov kev sib tham hauv cheeb tsam feem ntau muaj ib pawg ntawm cov khoos phis tawj nyob hauv tsev, tsev kawm ntawv, lossis ib feem ntawm lub tsev ua haujlwm. Zoo li lub network yooj yim, khoos phis tawj ntawm LAN qhia cov ntaub ntawv thiab tshuab luam ntawv. Cov khoos phis tawj ntawm ib lub LAN tuaj yeem sib txuas nrog lwm cov LANs thiab nrog Is Taws Nem.
Wide Area Networks
Daim duab no qhia txog qhov kev xav ntawm thaj chaw dav dav (WAN) kev teeb tsa uas koom nrog LANs hauv peb thaj chaw hauv nroog. Kev sib txuas lus dav dav npog thaj chaw loj xws li lub nroog, lub tebchaws lossis ntau lub tebchaws. WANs nquag txuas ntau lub LANs thiab lwm qhov chaw me me hauv cheeb tsam. WANs yog tsim los ntawm cov tuam txhab kev sib txuas lus loj thiab lwm lub koom haum siv cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb uas tsis pom hauv cov khw muag khoom noj. Is Taws Nem yog ib qho piv txwv ntawm WAN uas koom nrog hauv zos thiab cheeb tsam hauv cheeb tsam network thoob plaws ntiaj teb.
Wired Computer Networks
Daim duab no qhia txog ntau hom kev xaim hauv computer network. Hauv ntau lub tsev, twisted-pair Ethernet cables feem ntau yog siv los txuas cov khoos phis tawj. Xov tooj lossis cable TV kab, tig, txuas lub tsev LAN mus rau Is Taws Nem Service Provider (ISP). ISPs, cov tsev kawm ntawv loj, thiab cov lag luam feem ntau tso lawv cov khoom siv computer hauv racks (raws li qhia), thiab lawv siv ntau hom kab sib txuas los koom nrog cov cuab yeej no rau LANs thiab hauv Internet. Feem ntau ntawm Is Taws Nem siv high-speed fiber optic cable xa cov tsheb khiav mus ntev hauv av, buta twisted khub thiab coaxial cable kuj tseem siv tau rau cov kab xauj thiab hauv ntau thaj chaw deb.
Wireless Computer Networks
Daim duab no qhia txog ntau hom kev sib txuas ntawm lub computer wireless. Wi-Fi yog tus qauv thev naus laus zis rau kev tsim cov wireless hauv tsev thiab lwm yam LANs. Cov lag luam thiab cov zej zog kuj siv tib lub thev naus laus zis Wi-Fi los teeb tsa pej xeem wireless hotspots. Tom ntej no, Bluetooth tes hauj lwm tso cai rau tes, xov tooj ntawm tes, thiab lwm yam khoom siv peripheral sib txuas lus luv luv. Thaum kawg, cov thev naus laus zis hauv xov tooj suav nrog WiMax thiab LTE txhawb nqa ob lub suab thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib txuas lus hauv xov tooj ntawm tes.
OSI Model of Computer Networks
Daim duab no qhia txog qhov Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) qauv. OSI feem ntau yog siv niaj hnub no los ua cov cuab yeej qhia. Nws conceptually tsim ib lub network rau hauv xya txheej hauv ib qho kev ua tiav. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg cuam tshuam nrog hluav taws xob teeb liab, chunks ntawm binary cov ntaub ntawv, thiab routing ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nyob rau hauv tes hauj lwm. Cov qib siab dua suav nrog kev thov hauv network thiab cov lus teb, sawv cev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, thiab cov txheej txheem network raws li pom los ntawm tus neeg siv qhov kev xav. Tus qauv OSI yog Ameslikas tsim los ua tus qauv tsim qauv rau kev tsim cov tshuab network thiab qhov tseeb, ntau lub network nrov tshaj plaws niaj hnub no qhia txog cov txheej txheem tsim ntawm OSI.
