Tus DNS hauv paus npe servers txhais URLs rau hauv IP chaw nyob. Txhua tus neeg rau zaub mov hauv paus yog lub network ntawm ntau pua servers hauv cov tebchaws thoob ntiaj teb. Txawm li cas los xij, lawv raug txheeb xyuas tias yog 13 lub npe tub ceev xwm hauv cheeb tsam DNS.
Vim li cas thiaj tsuas muaj 13 DNS servers?
Muaj ob peb yam laj thawj hauv Is Taws Nem Domain Name System siv raws nraim 13 DNS servers ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm nws cov hierarchy. Tus naj npawb 13 yog kev cuam tshuam ntawm kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub network thiab kev ua haujlwm. Nws kuj tseem ua raws li qhov txwv ntawm Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4), uas feem ntau cov tes hauj lwm siv.
Thaum tsuas yog 13 lub npe DNS hauv paus neeg rau zaub mov muaj nyob rau IPv4, txhua lub hauv paus server lub npe sawv cev tsis yog ib lub khoos phis tawj nkaus xwb tab sis pawg neeg rau zaub mov muaj ntau lub khoos phis tawj. Qhov kev siv ntawm pawg no nce kev ntseeg siab ntawm DNS yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam rau nws qhov kev ua tau zoo. Cov 13 IPv4 cov hauv paus servers tuaj yeem txhawb nqa txog 4.3 billion chaw nyob.
kab hauv qab
Vim tias tus qauv IP tshiab 6 tus qauv tsis muaj qhov txwv qis ntawm qhov loj ntawm cov pob ntawv, DNS yuav, dhau sijhawm, muaj ntau cov hauv paus servers los txhawb IPv6. Hauv txoj kev xav, IPv6 txhawb nqa qhov chaw nyob tsis kawg, tab sis tsuas yog tus lej tsawg ntawm cov tes hauj lwm siv cov txheej txheem tshiab no.
DNS IP pob khoom
Vim tias kev ua haujlwm DNS vam khom ntau lab ntawm lwm lub vev xaib hauv internet nrhiav cov hauv paus servers txhua lub sijhawm, qhov chaw nyob rau hauv paus servers yuav tsum tau muab faib rau IP kom zoo li sai tau. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws, tag nrho cov chaw nyob IP no yuav tsum haum rau hauv ib pob ntawv (datagram) kom tsis txhob muaj nyiaj siv ua haujlwm ntawm kev xa ntau cov lus ntawm servers.
Nrog IPv4 nyob rau hauv kev siv dav niaj hnub no, cov ntaub ntawv DNS uas haum rau hauv ib pob ntawv me me li 512 khoom tom qab rho tawm lwm cov txheej txheem txhawb nqa cov ntaub ntawv muaj nyob hauv pob ntawv. Txhua qhov chaw nyob IPv4 xav tau 32 me ntsis.
Raws li, tus tsim ntawm DNS xaiv 13 raws li tus naj npawb ntawm cov hauv paus servers rau IPv4, noj 416 khoom ntawm pob ntawv thiab tawm mus txog 96 khoom rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa. Qhov ntawd tso cai rau qhov yooj yim ntxiv ob peb ntxiv DNS hauv paus servers yav tom ntej yog tias xav tau.
Siv DNS siv tau
Lub DNS hauv paus npe servers tsis tseem ceeb rau cov neeg siv computer nruab nrab. Tus naj npawb 13 kuj tsis txwv cov DNS servers uas koj tuaj yeem siv rau koj cov khoom siv. Muaj ntau lub DNS servers siv tau rau pej xeem uas txhua tus tuaj yeem siv los hloov DNS servers uas lawv cov cuab yeej siv.
Piv txwv li, ua kom lub ntsiav tshuaj siv Cloudflare DNS server kom cov kev thov hauv internet khiav los ntawm DNS server es tsis txhob sib txawv, xws li Google DNS server. Ua qhov no yuav pab tau yog tias Google server poob qis, lossis koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas lub vev xaib sai dua siv Cloudflare DNS server.
Kab lus no tau hloov kho thaum Lub Rau Hli 6, 2022, txhawm rau kho qhov yuam kev. Txhua qhov chaw nyob IPv4 xav tau 32 khoom, tsis yog bytes.
