HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, feem ntau hu ua HKLM, yog ib qho ntawm ntau qhov kev sau npe khaus uas ua rau Windows Registry. Lub Hive tshwj xeeb no muaj feem ntau ntawm cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa rau software koj tau teeb tsa, nrog rau Windows operating system nws tus kheej.
Ntxiv nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv teeb tsa software, lub Hive no tseem muaj ntau cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb txog tam sim no kuaj pom kho vajtse thiab cov tsav tsheb.
Hauv Windows 11, Windows 10, Windows 8, Windows 7, thiab Windows Vista, cov ntaub ntawv hais txog koj lub khoos phis tawj khau raj muaj nyob ntawm no, ib yam nkaus.
Yuav Tau Li Cas Rau HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
Ua lub npe hu ua HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE yog ib qho yooj yim mus nrhiav thiab qhib siv Registry Editor cov cuab yeej muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov versions ntawm Windows:
- Qhib Registry Editor. Ua qhov regedit hais kom ua hauv Run box yog txoj hauv kev nrawm mus rau qhov ntawd.
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Locate HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE ntawm sab laug-sab ntawm Registry Editor.
Yog tias koj, lossis lwm tus, tau siv Registry Editor ua ntej hauv koj lub khoos phis tawj, tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau kaw cov yuam sij qhib npe kom txog thaum koj pom lub Hive. Kev siv tus yuam sij rau sab laug yuav kaw qhov twg tam sim no tau xaiv.
- ob-nias lossis ob-kais HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE txhawm rau nthuav lub Hive, lossis siv tus xub me rau sab laug.
Registry Subkeys hauv HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
Cov lej sau npe hauv qab no nyob hauv qab HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE Hive:
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\BCD00000000
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\COMPONENTS
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\DRIVERS
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\HARDWARE
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SAM
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Schema
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SECURITY
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM
Cov yuam sij nyob hauv qab no Hive ntawm koj lub computer yuav txawv me ntsis nyob ntawm koj lub Windows version thiab koj lub khoos phis tawj tshwj xeeb. Piv txwv li, cov versions tshiab ntawm Windows tsis suav nrog COMPONENTS key.
Lub HARDWARE subkey tuav cov ntaub ntawv hais txog BIOS, processors, thiab lwm yam khoom siv kho vajtse. Piv txwv li, hauv HARDWARE yog DESCRIPTION > System > BIOS, uas yog qhov chaw koj yuav pom BIOS version tam sim no thiab tus neeg muag khoom.
SOFTWARE subkey yog ib qho uas nquag nkag los ntawm HKLM Hive. Nws tau teeb tsa cov ntawv sau los ntawm tus neeg muag khoom software thiab yog qhov chaw uas txhua qhov kev pab cuam sau cov ntaub ntawv mus rau npe kom lub sijhawm tom ntej ntawm daim ntawv thov qhib, nws cov chaw tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem siv tau txiav txim siab kom koj tsis tas yuav kho qhov program txhua zaus nws siv. Nws kuj tseem siv tau thaum nrhiav tus neeg siv SID.
Lub SOFTWARE subkey tseem tuav lub Windows subkey uas piav qhia ntau yam UI cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm, Chav kawm subkey qhia txog cov kev pabcuam twg cuam tshuam nrog cov ntaub ntawv txuas ntxiv, thiab lwm yam.
HKLM\SOFTWARE\Wow6432Node\ muaj nyob rau ntawm 64-ntsis versions ntawm Windows, tab sis yog siv los ntawm 32-ntsis daim ntawv thov. Nws yog sib npaug rau HKLM\SOFTWARE\ tab sis tsis zoo ib yam vim nws tau sib cais rau lub hom phiaj ntawm kev muab cov ntaub ntawv rau 32-ntsis daim ntawv thov ntawm 64-ntsis OS. WoW64 qhia tus yuam sij no rau 32-ntsis daim ntawv thov raws li "HKLM\SOFTWARE\."
Hidden Subkeys in HKLM
Nyob rau hauv feem ntau configurations, cov subkeys hauv qab no yog muab zais cov yuam sij, thiab yog li ntawd tsis tuaj yeem nrhiav tau zoo li lwm tus yuam sij hauv qab HKLM npe Hive:
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SAM
- HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SECURITY
Feem ntau ntawm cov sij hawm cov yuam sij no tshwm sim dawb paug thaum koj qhib lawv thiab / lossis muaj cov yuam sij uas tsis muaj.
SAM subkey yog hais txog cov ntaub ntawv hais txog Kev Ruaj Ntseg Tus Thawj Tswj Nyiaj Txiag (SAM) cov ntaub ntawv rau cov thawj. Nyob rau hauv txhua lub database yog pab pawg neeg npe, cov neeg siv, cov qhua tuaj noj mov, thiab cov thawj coj nyiaj, ntxiv rau lub npe siv los nkag rau hauv lub npe, cryptographic hashs ntawm txhua tus neeg siv tus password, thiab ntau dua.
Lub SECURITY subkey yog siv los khaws txoj cai ruaj ntseg ntawm tus neeg siv tam sim no. Nws tau txuas mus rau kev ruaj ntseg database ntawm tus sau qhov twg tus neeg siv nkag rau hauv, lossis mus rau lub npe Hive ntawm lub koos pij tawj hauv zos yog tias tus neeg siv nkag mus rau hauv qhov system domain.
Txhawm rau pom cov ntsiab lus ntawm SAM lossis SECURITY tus yuam sij, Registry Editor yuav tsum hloov pauv siv qhov System Account, uas muaj kev tso cai ntau dua li lwm tus neeg siv, txawm tias tus neeg siv nrog cov cai tswj hwm.
Thaum Registry Editor tau raug qhib siv cov kev tso cai tsim nyog, HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SAM thiab HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SECURITY cov yuam sij tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas zoo li lwm tus yuam sij hauv Hive.
Qee qhov kev siv software dawb, zoo li PsExec los ntawm Microsoft, muaj peev xwm qhib Registry Editor nrog kev tso cai kom pom cov yuam sij zais no.
Ntau ntawm HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
Nws yuav nthuav kom paub tias HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE tsis muaj nyob txhua qhov chaw hauv lub computer, tab sis tsuas yog lub thawv rau tso saib cov ntaub ntawv sau npe tiag tiag raug thauj khoom ntawm cov subkeys nyob hauv lub Hive, teev saum toj no.
Hauv lwm lo lus, nws ua zoo li qhov luv rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hais txog koj lub computer. Vim tias qhov tsis muaj qhov xwm txheej no, tsis yog koj lossis ib qho kev pabcuam koj nruab tuaj yeem tsim cov yuam sij ntxiv hauv HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE.
Lub Hive yog ntiaj teb no, txhais tau hais tias nws yog tib yam txawm hais tias tus neeg siv ntawm lub khoos phis tawj saib nws, tsis zoo li lub npe hu ua HKEY_CURRENT_USER, uas yog tshwj xeeb rau txhua tus neeg siv uas saib nws thaum nkag mus.
Txawm hais tias feem ntau nws sau li no, HKLM tsis yog "kev cai" luv luv. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum paub vim tias qee qhov kev pab cuam hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, txawm tias cov cuab yeej muaj ncaj qha los ntawm Microsoft, tsis txhob cia koj sau cov ntawv luv hauv kev sau npe. Yog tias koj tau txais qhov yuam kev thaum siv "HKLM," siv tag nrho txoj hauv kev hloov thiab saib seb qhov ntawd kho nws li cas.
