3D luam ntawv yog txheej txheem tsim khoom uas tsim cov khoom peb sab, lub cev los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv digital. Cov txheej txheem no hu ua additive manufacturing, txhais tau hais tias cov khoom yog ntxiv, tsis tshem tawm.
Nrog 3D luam ntawv, koj tsim 3D digital tsim hauv kev ua qauv, hu ua CAD software, thiab tom qab ntawd siv lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D los tsim cov txheej txheem los tsim cov khoom tiav. Cov lag luam, cov kws tshawb fawb, cov kws kho mob, cov neeg nyiam nyiam, thiab ntau dua siv 3D luam ntawv rau ntau yam kev siv.
Ntawm no yog saib seb 3D luam ntawv tuaj li cas, nws ua haujlwm li cas, nws siv rau dab tsi, thiab lub neej yav tom ntej tuav rau lub tshuab no.
3D luam ntawv yuav yog ib feem ntawm koj cov yeeb yaj kiab. Cov khoom siv hauv cov yeeb yaj kiab xws li Black Panther, Iron Man, The Avengers, thiab Star Wars siv 3D luam ntawv, tso cai rau cov neeg tsim qauv tsim thiab tsim cov khoom siv tau yooj yim thiab pheej yig.
Keeb Kwm (thiab Yav Tom Ntej) ntawm 3D Printing
Nyob rau xyoo 1980s, 3D tshuab luam ntawv tau tshwm sim, tab sis nws tau raug hu ua sai prototyping technology lossis RP. Xyoo 1980, Dr. Kodama ntawm Nyij Pooj tau thov daim ntawv thov patent rau RP thev naus laus zis, tab sis cov txheej txheem tsis tiav.
Hauv xyoo 1984, Charles "Chuck" Hull tau tsim cov txheej txheem nws hu ua stereolithography, uas siv UV teeb los ua kom cov khoom ruaj khov thiab tsim cov khoom 3D txheej los ntawm txheej. Xyoo 1986, Hull tau muab patent rau nws lub tshuab stereolithography, lossis SLA tshuab.
Chuck Hull tau mus tsim 3D Systems Corporation, yog ib lub tuam txhab 3D loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb.
Lwm cov txheej txheem luam ntawv 3D thiab thev naus laus zis tau tsim nyob ib puag ncig tib lub sijhawm, thiab kev txhim kho ntxiv txuas ntxiv mus thoob plaws xyoo 1990 thiab thaum ntxov 2000s. Tseem, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm 3D tshuab luam ntawv yog prototyping thiab industrial applications.
3D tshuab luam ntawv tau pib pom los ntawm cov xov xwm tseem ceeb hauv xyoo 2000 thaum thawj 3D-luam luam raum tau tsim, txawm tias kev hloov pauv ntawm lub raum 3D tsis tau tshwm sim txog xyoo 2013. Xyoo 2004, RepRap Project tau muaj. ib lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D luam tawm lwm lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D. Ntau tshaj tawm xov xwm tau kos rau xyoo 2008 nrog thawj 3D luam tawm cov ceg tawv nqaij.
Lwm yam 3D nce qib sai sai, suav nrog lub tsev 3D luam tawm ib tsev neeg tau tsiv mus rau xyoo 2018.
Hnub no, 3D luam ntawv tsis yog tsuas yog hais txog cov qauv thiab kev tsim khoom lag luam. Cov neeg nyiam nyiam, cov kws tshawb fawb, thiab txhua tus neeg nyob nruab nrab ntawm kev siv 3D luam ntawv rau kev tsim khoom, cov khoom siv, kev kho mob, cov ntaub ntawv kawm, thiab lwm yam. Nws tau nrawm dhau los ua txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov neeg siv khoom niaj hnub.
Oscar Adelman, CEO ntawm Remi, hais tias cov txheej txheem tau nrov dua hauv kev lag luam kho hniav, piv txwv li. Qhov tseeb ntawm 3D luam ntawv yog qhov ua tau zoo kawg thiab tuaj yeem pab cov neeg siv khoom kho hniav kom txuag tau li 80 feem pua ntawm cov khoom piv rau cov nqi kho hniav ib txwm muaj.
"Raws li kev luam ntawv thev naus laus zis sai dua, pheej yig dua, thiab ntau qhov chaw peb yuav pom kev lag luam zoo li kev kho hniav vam khom ntau dua rau cov thev naus laus zis rau cov txheej txheem niaj hnub," nws hais.
4D luam ntawv tseem nyob ntawm nws txoj kev, ib yam nkaus, nrog cov khoom luam tawm uas tuaj yeem hloov pauv lub sijhawm.
Yuav ua li cas 3D tshuab luam ntawv ua haujlwm
Muaj ntau hom 3D luam ntawv thev naus laus zis, suav nrog Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), tseem hu ua Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). FDM yog txoj kev siv ntau tshaj plaws thiab nrov tshaj plaws thiab siv rau hauv cov tshuab luam ntawv 3D uas pheej yig tshaj.
FDM txoj kev luam ntawv siv cov ntaub ntawv yas, me ntsis zoo li txoj hlua. Lub filament yog pub los ntawm ib yob rau hauv lub taub hau rhuab, uas melts cov yas. Lub taub hau extrudes cov yas yaj mus rau lub txaj ntawm lub tshuab. Lub taub hau txav saum txaj, hauv 2D, tso thawj txheej ntawm cov khoom.
Thaum thawj txheej ua tiav, lub taub hau tau txav los ntawm lub thickness ntawm thawj txheej, thiab nws tso cov txheej tom ntej rau saum. Ib feem yog tsim los ntawm txheej txheej, zoo li ci ib lub ncuav ci ci los ntawm hlais.
Nrov FDM 3D tshuab luam ntawv suav nrog MakerBot thiab Ultimaker.
Piv txwv ntawm Kev Siv 3D tshuab luam ntawv li cas
Ntawm no yog saib seb yuav ua li cas yooj yim 3D luam ntawv yuav ua haujlwm ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv FDM.
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Download tau tus qauv 3D uas koj xav luam tawm, lossis tsim koj tus kheej.
Nrhiav cov qauv rub tawm ntawm Thingiverse lossis GrabCAD. Txhawm rau tsim tus qauv koj tus kheej, sim SketchUp lossis Blender. Rau engineering qhov chaw, sim CAD software xws li SolidWorks.
- Yog tias nws tsis yog lawm, hloov tus qauv rau hauv 3D luam ntawv hom, xws li cov ntaub ntawv STL.
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Ntshuam tus qauv rau hauv kev txiav cov software, xws li MakerWare, Cura, lossis Simplify 3D.
MakerWare ua haujlwm nrog MakerBot 3D tshuab luam ntawv. Cura thiab Simplify 3D tsim G-code, uas ua haujlwm nrog ntau lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D.
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Txhim kho qhov tsim hauv cov software slicing. Txiav txim siab yuav ua li cas taw qhia tus qauv ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D. Rau FDM, txo qis overhangs steeper tshaj 45 degrees vim tias cov no yuav tsum muaj kev txhawb nqa.
Thaum txiav txim siab txog kev taw qhia, xav txog yuav ua li cas tus qauv yuav thauj khoom kom cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg tsis yooj yim.
Image Txuag lub sijhawm thiab cov khoom siv, cov qauv feem ntau tsis muaj zog. Qhia qhov feem pua ntawm cov khoom (feem ntau yog 10 mus rau 35 feem pua), tus naj npawb ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg (feem ntau 1 lossis 2), thiab cov txheej hauv qab thiab sab saum toj (feem ntau 2 txog 4). Muaj lwm yam uas yuav tsum tau xav txog thaum npaj tus qauv rau 3D luam ntawv.
- Export qhov kev pab cuam, uas feem ntau yog cov ntaub ntawv G-code. Lub slicing software converts tus qauv thiab tsim configuration koj teev rau hauv ib txheej ntawm cov lus qhia. Lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D ua raws li qhov no los tsim ib feem.
- Hloov qhov kev pab cuam mus rau lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D siv daim npav SD, USB, lossis Wi-Fi.
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Print tus qauv ntawm lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D.
Image - Thaum lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D ua tiav tsim cov qauv, tshem nws thiab tej zaum kuj ntxuav nws. Tshem tawm cov qauv kev txhawb nqa thiab rub tawm cov pob uas seem nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb zoo.
Lwm Hom 3D Printing Machine
Lwm yam tshaj li FDM tshuab luam ntawv, 3D luam ntawv txoj kev kuj suav nrog stereolithography (SLA), Digital Light Processing (DLP), Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), Selective Laser Melting (SLM), Laminated Object Manufacturing (LOM), thiab Digital Beam Melting (EBM).
SLA yog qhov qub tshaj plaws 3D tshuab luam ntawv thiab tseem siv niaj hnub no. DLP siv teeb pom kev zoo nrog rau cov khoom siv polymers, thaum SLS siv lub laser ua lub zog los tsim cov khoom 3D luam tawm muaj zog. SLM, LOM, thiab EBM tau poob zoo heev.
Yav Tom Ntej ntawm 3D Printing
Puas yog 3D luam ntawv ua rau lub neej tom ntej ntawm kev thov, cov khoom lag luam customized tam sim ua rau peb cov lus qhia meej? Txawm hais tias qhov no tseem tsis tau paub meej, 3D tshuab luam ntawv tau loj hlob sai thiab siv ntau qhov chaw.
3D luam ntawv ntawm tsev, lub cev nqaij daim tawv xws li ob lub raum thiab cov ceg, thiab lwm yam kev nce qib muaj peev xwm los txhim kho lub neej ntawm cov neeg tsis paub thoob ntiaj teb.
