Key Takeaways
- Kev nce qib tsis ntev los no hauv quantum suav tau ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb tias kev tawg tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev pheej hmoo.
- Pab pawg tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb tau ua tiav kev xa xov mus ntev los ntawm 27 mais ntawm fiber ntau optical, raws li daim ntawv tshiab.
- Ib qho kev mob tshwm sim rau cov neeg siv nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm quantum xam yog tias tam sim no kev ruaj ntseg schemes tuaj yeem yooj yim tawg.
Kev nce qib tsis ntev los no hauv quantum suav tuaj yeem txhais tau tias muaj internet sai dua, tab sis nws tseem ua rau muaj kev txhawj xeeb ntawm qee tus neeg tawm tswv yim txog kev ceev ntiag tug uas ceeb toom tias quantum breakthroughs tuaj yeem ua rau cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv muaj kev pheej hmoo.
Pab pawg tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb tsis ntev los no tau dhia mus rau kev tsim kom muaj kev ua tau zoo, ntsuas tau "quantum internet." Pab neeg no tau txais kev txhawb nqa mus ntev, kev xa xov mus ntev los ntawm 27 mais ntawm fiber ntau optical, raws li daim ntawv tshiab hauv phau ntawv xov xwm PRX Quantum. Ib qho kev ua haujlwm quantum internet yuav hloov pauv qhov chaw ntawm kev sib txuas lus ruaj ntseg, khaws cov ntaub ntawv, thiab kev suav.
"Nyob rau hauv txoj kev tshawb fawb tshiab no peb qhia txog quantum teleportation ntawm photonic quantum xeev," kawm co-sau Daniel Oblak, tus pab xibfwb ntawm physics ntawm University of Calgary, tau hais hauv xov xwm tshaj tawm. "Qhov haujlwm no ua tau raws li cov qauv ntsuas thev naus laus zis uas xav tau rau quantum internet system mus rau qib siab heev."
Quantum Internet Tej zaum txhais tau tias kev sib txuas lus ceev dua
Cov kws tshawb fawb tau ua qhov ntsuas ntawm ob lub xov tooj cua uas tsim los ntawm C altech cov kws tshawb fawb. Cov quantum network testbeds siv lub xeev-of-the-art solid-state light detectors nyob rau hauv ib tug compact fiber-based teeb thiab feature ze-autonomous cov ntaub ntawv nrhiav tau, tswj, saib xyuas, synchronization, thiab tsom xam.
"Peb zoo siab los ntawm cov txiaj ntsig tshiab," tus kws sau ntawv Panagiotis Spentzouris, tus thawj coj ntawm Fermilab quantum science program, tau hais hauv xov xwm tshaj tawm. "Qhov no yog qhov ua tiav tseem ceeb ntawm txoj hauv kev los tsim cov thev naus laus zis uas yuav rov txhais tau tias peb ua li cas kev sib txuas lus thoob ntiaj teb."
Kev tawg tsis ntev los no ntawm Fermilab tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov kev nce qib tsis ntev los no hauv quantum suav. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm University of Science thiab Technology ntawm Tuam Tshoj hauv Hefei tau tsim lub computer quantum uas yog 100 trillion zaug sai dua li cov supercomputers ceev tshaj plaws. Quantum computers tso cai rau chav sib txawv ntawm cov algorithms uas tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov khoos phis tawj classic ua tau.
Quantum tuaj yeem rhuav kev ruaj ntseg
Ib qho kev mob tshwm sim rau cov neeg siv nrog qhov tshwm sim ntawm quantum suav yog tias cov phiaj xwm kev ruaj ntseg tam sim no tuaj yeem ua kom yooj yim tawg. Quantum suav tuaj yeem tso cai rau cov neeg phem phem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov kev cai hauv internet xws li HTTPS thiab TLS xav tau rau kev nyab xeeb, kev lag luam hauv online, thiab khw hauv online, Ulf Mattsson, Chief Security Strategist ntawm lub tuam txhab cybersecurity Protegrity, tau hais hauv kev xam phaj email.
"Qhov kev hem thawj no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam txhua yam ntawm kev sib txuas lus tub rog mus rau cov ntaub ntawv kho mob," nws hais ntxiv. "Qhov tseem ceeb, yuav luag txhua lub tshuab niaj hnub no uas xav tau kev nyab xeeb, kev ceev ntiag tug, lossis kev ntseeg siab yuav raug cuam tshuam.
Lwm qhov kev hem thawj ntawm quantum xam yog qhov muaj peev xwm sim ntau, ntau qhov kev hloov pauv ib zaug, txhais tau tias txhua qhov system uas tuaj yeem 'brute yuam' yuav raug tshwj xeeb. RSA, piv txwv li, tuaj yeem tawg yog tias koj tuaj yeem ua tus lej loj; Txawm li cas los xij, cov thev naus laus zis zoo li lub elliptic-nqaj crypto (ECC) yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tsawg dua."
Lub Tebchaws Asmeskas Lub Tsev Haujlwm Saib Xyuas Kev Ua Haujlwm thiab Tshuab (NIST) tab tom ua haujlwm rau tus qauv kev zais tom qab quantum cryptography thiab npaj yuav tshaj tawm cov qauv hauv ib lossis ob xyoos, Mattsson tau hais.
Cov kws tshawb fawb ntawm Technical University of Darmstadt tau tshuaj xyuas cov txheej txheem tshiab raws li lattice cryptography, kuj nrov hauv homomorphic encryption. "Cov txheej txheem tshiab yuav muab ntxiv rau hauv web browsers thiab lwm yam kev siv internet thiab kev koom ua ke nrog cov txheej txheem hauv internet xws li HTTPS," Mattsson ntxiv.
Zoo tag nrho cov txheej txheem niaj hnub no uas xav tau kev nyab xeeb, kev ceev ntiag tug, lossis kev ntseeg siab yuav raug cuam tshuam.
Tsis muaj leej twg paub sai npaum li cas quantum suav yuav ua rau muaj kev hem thawj rau cov neeg siv cov ntaub ntawv, cov kws tshaj lij hais. "Txhua yam peb tuaj yeem ua tau yog kwv yees," tus kws paub txog kev ruaj ntseg cov ntaub ntawv Alan Myers tau hais hauv kev xam phaj email.
Cov khoos phis tawj quantum uas muaj zog tshaj plaws tam sim no tau tsim muaj tsawg dua 100 qubits. IBM cog lus rau 1,000 qubit computer los ntawm 2023. "Cov kws tshawb fawb kwv yees tias lawv yuav xav tau lub khoos phis tawj quantum nrog ntau txhiab qubits thiaj li tuaj yeem ua txhaum cov qauv encryption tam sim no," Myers ntxiv.
tib txoj hauv kev los tiv thaiv cov neeg siv internet yog siv cov tshuab uas siv quantum xam "kom tua hluav taws nrog hluav taws, yog li hais," Ahmad Malkawi, CEO ntawm Global Telecom, lub tuam txhab Internet ntawm Yam, tau hais hauv email. xam phaj. Cov kws tshawb fawb tab tom ua haujlwm ntawm qhov tseeb qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Quantum Random Number Generator (QRNG) uas xav tias yuav tso tawm rau ob peb xyoos tom ntej no, nws hais.
Quantum suav tau ua npau suav deb rau ntau xyoo lawm. Tam sim no hais tias quantum computers tab tom los ze rau qhov tseeb cov neeg siv yuav tsum tau xav txog kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lawv cov ntaub ntawv.
