Key Takeaways
- Cov kws tshawb fawb hais tias lawv tau ua lwm kauj ruam ntawm kev tsim lub khoos phis tawj tshiab uas siv quantum bits lossis qubits.
- Lub quantum computer yuav tsim los ntawm kev txau cov electrons los ntawm lub teeb lub teeb.
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Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias cov txheej txheem tshiab tau cog lus tseg, tab sis muaj ntau txoj haujlwm yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej quantum computers npaj rau koj lub desktop.
Lub teeb pom kev yooj yim tuaj yeem yog tus yuam sij rau kev ua kom pom tseeb quantum computers qhov tseeb, qhib qhov muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj zog ntau dua hauv kev sib tham email nrog Lifewire.
"Nws tuaj yeem tso lub hauv paus rau kev xa khoom pheej yig tiag tiag ntawm kev ua haujlwm quantum processors rau hauv ntau yam khoom siv hauv computer ua rau cov tiam tom ntej ntawm cov khoos phis tawj uas tsis muaj kev txwv," nws ntxiv.
Zoo dua khoom
Quantum computers tuav cov lus cog tseg ntawm kev hloov pauv kev suav. Tsis zoo li kev suav binary zoo tib yam, qubits ntxiv ib chav thib peb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv rau cov txheej txheem suav- dua li 1-0-thiab nws yog 1-0-1/0, TackleAI CEO Sergio Suarez, Jr. hais rau Lifewire ntawm email. Qhov sib ntxiv ntawm chav tsev thib peb, ib txhij 1 thiab 0, hu ua superposition, lub ntsiab lus nws yog 0 thiab 1 thiab tag nrho cov ntsiab lus nyob nruab nrab.
"Qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm qubits no tso cai rau quantum computers ua haujlwm ntawm ib lab kev suav ib zaug thiab ua rau quantum suav exponentially sai dua thiab muaj zog dua li ib txwm siv computer," Suarez, Jr. said.
Pab pawg Argonne tsom rau kev siv ib qho hluav taws xob ua qubit. Cua sov lub teeb teeb filament emits ib tug kwj ntawm electrons, tab sis qubits rhiab heev rau kev cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig ib puag ncig. Kom tau txais ib ncig ntawm qhov teeb meem no, cov kws tshawb fawb tau dai ib qho hluav taws xob rau ntawm qhov chaw ultrapure neon nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev.
"Nrog lub platform no, peb ua tiav, thawj zaug puas tau, muaj zog sib txuas ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob nyob ze-nqus ib puag ncig thiab ib qho microwave photon hauv resonator," Xianjing Zhou, thawj tus sau ntawv, hais hauv xov xwm tshaj tawm. "Qhov no qhib qhov muaj peev xwm siv microwave photons los tswj txhua tus hluav taws xob qubit thiab txuas ntau ntawm lawv hauv quantum processor."
Scott Buchholz, tus thawj coj thev naus laus zis tshiab, thiab tus thawj coj ua haujlwm rau tsoomfwv & Kev Pabcuam Pej Xeem ntawm Deloitte Consulting, hais rau Lifewire hauv email tias feem ntau txoj hauv kev los tsim qubits yog raws li kev siv cov atoms lossis photons, thaum Argonne ua haujlwm. nyob rau hauv lub system uas siv electrons.
"Muaj ntau tshaj li ib nrab ntawm kaum ob txoj hauv kev sib txawv uas cov koom haum tab tom tshawb nrhiav los tsim qubits, txhua tus nrog nws tus kheej cov txiaj ntsig, qhov tsis zoo, thiab kev txiav txim siab," Buchholz tau hais. "Piv txwv li, qee txoj hauv kev tuaj yeem ua rau qubit sai dua rau kev sib txuas qubit, tab sis muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau rau lub suab nrov thiab yuam kev."
Cov txheej txheem nrawm dua
In quantum xam, qubit yog lub tswvyim uas, tsis zoo li ib txwm me ntsis, tuaj yeem yog 0 thiab 1 tib lub sijhawm los ntawm kev ntsuas qhov hu ua spin, Nizich piav qhia. Cov txheej txheem no tau nyuaj heev los ntsuas thiab tswj, "tab sis qhov muaj peev xwm ntawm lub xeev tsis muaj kev txwv no txhais tau tias rov xav txog qhov ua tiav ntawm cov qauv ib txwm muaj," nws hais ntxiv.
Cov tuam txhab suav nrog IBM thiab Google muaj cov tshuab uas twb muaj lawm nrog txog 100 qubits ntawm kev ua lub zog. Tab sis, hais tias Nizich, txoj hauv kev los ntawm cov tuam txhab thev naus laus zis no yuav tsis yooj yim hloov mus rau yav tom ntej kev cia siab ntawm kev muaj quantum processors hauv xov tooj, laptops, tsheb, thiab txawm tias cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
"Qhov no yog vim li cas Argonne qhov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb heev vim tias lawv tuaj yeem tuav tus yuam sij rau cov thev naus laus zis no tau nkag mus rau ntau tus kws tshawb fawb, [yog li] ua rau muaj kev tshawb pom ntau dua," Nizich hais. "Nws kuj tseem txhais tau hais tias kev tsim khoom ntawm quantum processors ntawm qhov loj me tuaj yeem ua tau yav tom ntej."
Txawm hais tias qhov kev cia siab zoo los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb Argonne, cov kws tshaj lij ceeb toom tias cov khoos phis tawj quantum tseem tsis tau npaj los tsaws ntawm koj lub rooj. Benjamin Bloom, tus tsim ntawm quantum xam lub tuam txhab Atom Computing, tau taw qhia rau Lifewire hauv email tias qhov kev sib tw loj tshaj plaws hauv kev tsim lub computer quantum yog scaling koj qubit system kom ncav cuag ntau pua txhiab rau lab qubits uas yuav tsim nyog los tsim kom muaj txiaj ntsig quantum. computer.
Mark Mattingley-Scott, tus thawj coj ntawm quantum xam lub tuam txhab Quantum Brilliance, tau hais los ntawm email tias cov thev naus laus zis tshiab yuav ua kom muaj kev siv zog los tsim cov huab-based quantum computers. Tab sis, nws hais ntxiv, cov kev cov nyom tseem tseem ua rau cov txheej txheem me me kom haum rau hauv cov khoos phis tawj niaj hnub.
"Muaj txoj kev ntev mus ua ntej cov khoom neon qubits muaj nyob rau ntawm daim npav accelerator hauv koj lub PC," nws hais.
