Ib ntu yog qhov tshwj xeeb loj ntawm lub hard disk drive, optical disc, floppy disk, flash drive, lossis lwm hom kev khaws cia nruab nrab.
Ib ntu kuj tseem raug xa mus rau qhov chaw disk lossis, tsawg dua, ib qho thaiv.
Dab tsi yog Sector Sizes txhais tau li cas?
Txhua qhov chaw siv lub cev qhov chaw ntawm lub cuab yeej khaws cia thiab feem ntau yog ua los ntawm peb ntu: lub hauv paus ntsiab lus, cov cai yuam kev (ECC), thiab thaj chaw uas khaws cov ntaub ntawv tiag tiag.
Feem ntau, ib ntu ntawm lub hard disk drive lossis floppy disk tuaj yeem tuav 512 bytes ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. Tus qauv no tau tsim nyob rau xyoo 1956.
Nyob rau xyoo 1970, qhov loj dua xws li 1024 thiab 2048 bytes tau qhia kom haum rau qhov chaw cia loj dua. Ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv kho qhov muag feem ntau tuaj yeem tuav 2048 bytes.
Nyob rau xyoo 2007, cov tuam txhab lag luam pib siv Advanced Format hard drives uas khaws cia txog 4096 bytes ib sector hauv kev rau siab rau ob qho tib si nce cov sector loj thiab txhim kho kev ua yuam kev. Cov qauv no tau siv txij li xyoo 2011 los ua qhov loj me me rau cov hard drive niaj hnub no.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me no tsis tas yuav cuam tshuam dab tsi txog qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg ntawm hard drives thiab optical discs. Feem ntau, nws yog tus naj npawb ntawm cov sectors muaj nyob rau ntawm tsav lossis disc uas txiav txim siab muaj peev xwm.
Disk Sectors thiab Allocation Unit Size
Thaum formatting lub hard drive, txawm tias siv Windows 'cov cuab yeej yooj yim lossis los ntawm cov cuab yeej faib disk pub dawb, koj tuaj yeem txhais tau qhov kev cai faib chav tsev loj (AUS). Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb qhia cov ntaub ntawv kaw lus dab tsi qhov tsawg tshaj plaws ntawm disk uas tuaj yeem siv los khaws cov ntaub ntawv yog.
Piv txwv li, hauv Windows, koj tuaj yeem xaiv format lub hard drive hauv ib qho ntawm qhov ntau thiab tsawg: 512, 1024, 2048, 4096, lossis 8192 bytes, lossis 16, 32, lossis 64 kilobytes.
Cia hais tias koj muaj 1 MB (1, 000, 000 byte) cov ntaub ntawv. Koj tuaj yeem khaws cov ntaub ntawv no rau ntawm ib yam dab tsi zoo li lub disk uas khaws 512 bytes ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv txhua qhov haujlwm, lossis ntawm lub hard drive uas muaj 4096 bytes ib ntu. Nws yeej tsis muaj teeb meem loj npaum li cas txhua lub sector yog, tab sis tsuas yog loj npaum li cas ntawm tag nrho cov cuab yeej yog.
Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov cuab yeej uas nws faib loj yog 512 bytes, thiab ib qho uas yog 4096 bytes (los yog 1024, 2048, thiab lwm yam), yog tias 1 MB cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau ncua thoob plaws ntau disk sectors dua li qhov nws xav tau. ntawm 4096 ntaus ntawv. Qhov no yog vim 512 me dua 4096, lub ntsiab lus tsawg dua "thooj" ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tuaj yeem muaj nyob hauv txhua ntu.
Hauv qhov piv txwv no, yog tias daim ntawv 1 MB raug kho thiab tam sim no dhau los ua 5 MB cov ntaub ntawv, qhov ntawd yog qhov nce ntawm 4 MB. Yog tias cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia rau ntawm tus tsav siv 512-byte faib chav tsev loj, daim ntawm cov ntaub ntawv 4 MB yuav kis thoob plaws lub hard drive mus rau lwm cov sectors, tej zaum nyob rau hauv cov sectors ntxiv deb ntawm cov thawj pawg ntawm cov sectors uas tuav thawj 1. MB, ua rau ib yam dab tsi hu ua fragmentation.
Txawm li cas los xij, siv tib qho piv txwv li yav dhau los tab sis nrog 4096-byte faib chav tsev loj, tsawg dua thaj chaw ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tuav 4 MB ntawm cov ntaub ntawv (vim txhua qhov thaiv qhov loj dua), yog li tsim cov pawg ntawm cov haujlwm. uas nyob ze ua ke, txo qhov kev pheej hmoo tias kev tawg yuav tshwm sim.
Hauv lwm lo lus, AUS loj dua feem ntau txhais tau tias cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau yuav nyob ze ua ke ntawm lub hard drive, uas yuav ua rau kom nkag tau sai dua disk thiab ua haujlwm zoo tag nrho hauv computer.
Hloov qhov faib Chav Loj ntawm Disk
Windows XP thiab qhov tshiab Windows operating systems tuaj yeem khiav fsutil cov lus txib kom pom pawg loj ntawm lub hard drive uas twb muaj lawm. Piv txwv li, nkag mus rau qhov no rau hauv cov cuab yeej hais kom ua xws li Command Prompt yuav pom cov pawg loj ntawm C: tsav:
fsutil fsinfo ntfsinfo c:
Nws tsis yog ntau heev los hloov qhov kev faib faib ua ntej qhov loj ntawm tus tsav.
Microsoft muaj cov ntxhuav no uas qhia qhov loj me me rau NTFS, FAT, thiab exFAT cov ntaub ntawv hauv ntau lub Windows. Piv txwv li, lub neej ntawd AUS yog 4 KB (4096 bytes) rau feem ntau hard drives formatted nrog NTFS.
Yog tias koj xav hloov cov ntaub ntawv loj rau lub disk, nws tuaj yeem ua tiav hauv Windows thaum formatting lub hard drive tab sis disk tswj cov kev pab cuam los ntawm 3rd tog developers tuaj yeem ua tau, ib yam nkaus.
Thaum nws yog qhov yooj yim tshaj plaws los siv cov cuab yeej formatting uas yog tsim rau hauv Windows, peb cov Free Disk Partitioning Tools daim ntawv teev npe suav nrog ntau cov kev pabcuam pub dawb uas tuaj yeem ua tib yam. Feem ntau muaj ntau qhov kev xaiv loj dua li Windows ua.
Yuav kho qhov phem li cas
Ib lub cev puas tsuaj rau lub hard drive feem ntau txhais tau tias lub cev puas tsuaj ntawm lub hard drive platter, txawm tias kev noj nyiaj txiag thiab lwm yam kev puas tsuaj tuaj yeem tshwm sim, ib yam nkaus.
Ib qho kev ntxhov siab tshwj xeeb kom muaj teeb meem yog khau raj. Thaum cov haujlwm no muaj teeb meem, nws ua rau lub operating system tsis tuaj yeem khau raj!
Txawm hais tias lub disk cov haujlwm tuaj yeem raug puas tsuaj, feem ntau nws tuaj yeem kho lawv yam tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li qhov program program. Tej zaum koj yuav xav tau lub hard drive tshiab yog tias muaj ntau qhov tsis zoo.
Tsuas yog vim koj muaj lub khoos phis tawj qeeb lossis txawm tias lub hard drive uas ua suab nrov, nws tsis tas txhais tau tias muaj qee yam ntawm lub cev tsis zoo nrog cov haujlwm ntawm lub disk. Yog tias koj tseem xav tias ib yam dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm nrog lub hard drive txawm tias tom qab kev sim tsav nyuaj, xav txog kev tshuaj xyuas koj lub khoos phis tawj rau cov kab mob lossis ua raws li lwm yam kev daws teeb meem.
Xav paub ntau ntxiv ntawm Disk Sectors
Cov haujlwm uas nyob ze rau sab nraud ntawm lub disk muaj zog dua li cov uas nyob ze rau qhov chaw, tab sis kuj muaj qhov ntom ntom me ntsis. Vim li no, ib yam dab tsi hu ua zone me ntsis kaw yog siv los ntawm hard drives.
Zone me ntsis cov ntaubntawv povthawj siv faib cov disk rau hauv ib cheeb tsam sib txawv, qhov twg txhua cheeb tsam tau muab faib ua ntu. Qhov tshwm sim yog tias sab nraud ntawm lub disk yuav muaj ntau qhov chaw, thiab yog li tuaj yeem nkag tau sai dua cov cheeb tsam nyob ze ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub disk.
Defragmentation cov cuab yeej, txawm tias dawb defrag software, tuaj yeem ua kom zoo dua ntawm thaj chaw me ntsis kaw los ntawm kev txav cov ntaub ntawv nkag mus rau sab nraud ntawm disk kom nkag tau sai dua. Qhov no tso cov ntaub ntawv uas koj siv tsawg dua, xws li cov ntaub ntawv loj lossis cov yeeb yaj kiab, khaws cia rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas nyob ze ntawm qhov nruab nrab ntawm lub tsav. Lub tswv yim yog khaws cov ntaub ntawv uas koj siv tsawg zaus nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam ntawm lub tsav uas siv sij hawm ntev mus nkag.
Cov ntaub ntawv ntxiv ntawm thaj chaw kaw thiab cov qauv ntawm hard disk sectors tuaj yeem pom ntawm DEW Associates Corporation.
NTFS.com muaj cov peev txheej zoo rau kev nyeem ntawv qib siab ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm lub hard drive, zoo li cov lem, cov haujlwm, thiab pawg.
FAQ
Yuav ua li cas koj txheeb xyuas qhov tsis zoo?
Siv Windows Disk Checking Utility txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov haujlwm tsis zoo. Qhov kev siv hluav taws xob no tuaj yeem pab koj nrhiav thiab kho cov haujlwm tsis zoo disk. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem ua tib yam nrog Command Prompt.
Yuav ua li cas koj thiaj li tshem tawm qhov phem disk mus tas li?
Yog tias nws yog qhov teeb meem software, kho lub disk sector yuav "tshem tawm" cov haujlwm tsis zoo thiab hloov nws nrog cov haujlwm ua haujlwm, hauv kev nkag siab, tab sis tsis muaj txoj hauv kev ncaj qha los rho tawm cov haujlwm disk. Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem kho vajtse ua rau cov khoom lag luam ua tsis zoo, koj yuav tsis tuaj yeem kho lub sector, ib yam nkaus.
